Causes of Revolution
This war greatly increased food shortages, military defeats, and public anger in Russia.
What is World War I?
This revolutionary leader headed the Bolsheviks.
Who was Vladimir (V. I.) Lenin?
The February Revolution forced this ruler to abdicate.
Who was Tsar Nicholas II?
The Communists fought this opposing side during the Russian Civil War.
Who were the Whites?
In 1922, Lenin united much of the old Russian Empire into this new country.
What is the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR or Soviet Union)?
Russia's ruler before the revolution held almost unlimited political power under an autocracy.
Who was Tsar Nicholas II?
Lenin based much of his political thinking on the writings of this German philosopher.
Who was Karl Marx?
After the February Revolution, this temporary entity took power.
What is the Provisional Government?
Leon Trotsky organized and led this military force.
What is the Red Army?
Lenin replaced War Communism with this policy that allowed limited private business.
What is the New Economic Policy (NEP)?
After the Revolution of 1905, this elected assembly existed but had very little real power.
What is the Duma?
Unlike the Mensheviks, Lenin believed this—not gradual reform—was necessary to create socialism.
What is revolution?
The leader of the Provisional Government during the October Revolution was this man.
Who was Alexander Kerensky?
This secret police organization used terror against enemies of the revolution.
What is the Cheka?
After Lenin's death, this rival of Stalin was forced into exile.
Who was Leon Trotsky?
Nicholas II worsened the situation by leaving the capital to personally command the army at this place.
What is the front (battlefront) of World War I?
This one helped Lenin return to Russia hoping to weaken it during World War I.
What is Germany?
Armed factory workers who helped the Bolsheviks seize power were known by this name.
Who were the Red Guards?
Under this economic policy, the government seized factories, railroads, banks, and crops.
What is War Communism?
Stalin wanted to focus on building socialism in this place before promoting worldwide revolution.
What is the Soviet Union (or "at home")?
Two major domestic problems, combined with military disasters, triggered the February Revolution in Petrograd.
What were food shortages and fuel shortages?
Lenin promised Russians these three things to gain popular support.
What are "Peace, Land, and Bread"?
The Bolsheviks overthrew this government during the October Revolution.
What was the Provisional Government?
Russia signed this treaty with Germany in 1918 to leave World War I.
What is the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Although the Soviet constitution appeared democratic, this organization actually held all political power.
What is the Communist Party?