Key Figures
Who proposed the heliocentric model of the universe?
Nicolaus Copernicus.
What did Johannes Kepler discover about planetary motion?
Planets orbit the Sun in elliptical paths.
In what year was Copernicus's heliocentric model published?
1543.
What method did the Scientific Revolution popularize for investigating the natural world?
The scientific method.
How did the Renaissance contribute to the Scientific Revolution?
It revived classical knowledge and emphasized humanism, encouraging exploration of new ideas.
Which scientist used a telescope to observe moons orbiting Jupiter?
Galileo Galilei.
What is the significance of Galileo's observations of Jupiter’s moons?
They provided evidence that not all celestial objects orbit Earth, supporting the heliocentric model.
When was Galileo put on trial for heresy by the Catholic Church?
1633.
What major paradigm shift occurred due to the heliocentric theory?
The understanding that the Sun, not Earth, is at the center of the universe.
What invention helped spread the ideas of the Scientific Revolution?
The printing press.
Who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation?
Isaac Newton.
What book by Copernicus introduced the heliocentric theory?
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.
When did Newton publish Principia Mathematica?
1687.
How did Newton’s work influence future science?
It provided the foundation for physics and a mechanistic view of the universe governed by laws.
Why did the Reformation play a role in the Scientific Revolution?
It encouraged questioning of traditional authority, including the Church.
Which scientist developed the scientific method, emphasizing empirical evidence?
Francis Bacon.
Which groundbreaking book by Newton outlined his laws of motion and gravity?
Principia Mathematica.
Which century is considered the height of the Scientific Revolution?
The 17th century (1600s).
What broader movement did the Scientific Revolution help inspire in the 18th century?
The Enlightenment.
How did exploration and navigation contribute to the Scientific Revolution?
They created a demand for better tools and understanding of astronomy and geography.
Who discovered the elliptical orbits of planets?
Johannes Kepler.
What was Tycho Brahe’s main contribution to the Scientific Revolution?
Precise astronomical observations that helped Kepler formulate his laws.
When did Johannes Kepler publish Astronomia Nova, introducing his first two laws of planetary motion?
1609.
How did Galileo’s trial symbolize the conflict of the Scientific Revolution?
It highlighted the tension between traditional religious authority and the rise of evidence-based science.
How did patronage by wealthy individuals and monarchs aid the Scientific Revolution?
It provided financial support for scientists to conduct research and publish their findings.