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100

Who was forced to declare that the Earth stands motionless at the center of the universe during a trial before the Inquisition?

Galileo Galilei

100

What do scientists propose in the scientific method that they then test?

Hypothesis 

100

Who published the first book about the accurate and detailed study of human anatomy in 1543?

Andreas Vesalius

100

Which scientist discovered that a single force, known as gravity, keeps the planets in orbit around the sun?

 Isaac Newton  

100

Which philosopher believed that people could discover basic truths through reasoning?

René Descartes

200

Which scientist discovered that a single force, known as gravity, keeps the planets in orbit around the sun?

Isaac Newton

200

What two concepts are the primary bases for a scientist' finding when using the scientific method?

Observation and Experimentation 

200

Who was the first to describe the circulation of blood?

William Harvey

200

How did Newton use observations of nature to explain the movements of the planets?

He proposed that the same forces causing objects to fall to Earth also moved the planets.

200

Who is known for emphasizing the human reasoning approach to the scientific method?

 René Descartes  

300

Who was the Polish scholar who developed the theory that the Sun is the center of the universe and that the Earth is one of several planets that revolve around the Sun?

 Nicolaus Copernicus

300


What best describes the step-by-step process of discovery in the scientific method?

A systematic process involving observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, and conclusion.

300

Who was responsible for developing an ointment to prevent infection, introducing new surgical techniques, the use of artificial limbs, and inventing new scientific instruments in the 1540s?

Ambroise Paré  

300

What is the term for the belief that the sun is the center of the universe?

Heliocentric

300

How did Boyle transform the science of chemistry?

By explaining that all matter is composed of tiny particles that behave in certain knowledgeable ways.

400

What best describes the conflict between Galileo's observations and Christian teachings?

 Galileo's observations contradicted the Christian belief that the heavens were in a fixed position, leading to his trial and place under house arrest.

400

Who is credited with emphasizing the experimentation and observation approach to the scientific method?

Francis Bacon  

400

What idea did Newton being to consider after observing an apple fall from a tree?

The concept of gravity

400

Which of the following statements best explains how the beliefs of alchemists laid the foundation for modern chemistry?

Alchemists thought that all substances were composed of the same basic building blocks, a concept that chemists later developed into the modern understanding of molecules.

400

Who was the scientist known for perfecting the microscope and being the first to observe cells and microorganisms?

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

500


Why was Copernicus's theory considered radical?

It contradicted the Church teachings

500

Which of the following best describes the term "hypotheses"?

A set of proposed explanations.

500

What was the branch of science now known as chemistry called in medieval times?

Alchemy

500

Which writer is credited with the early development of the Scientific Method?

Plato

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