Self-Concept
one's conceptions about the kind of person one might become in the future.
Possible selves
individuals with low self-esteem don't know themselves well enough to strongly endorse many personal attributes
the default mode of handling information
automatic processing/mindlessness
when self-control resources are limited and resisting temptation in one situation may reduce self-control in another task
what is the ego-depletion model of self-regulation
an image or facade presented to others in social interactions
public self
consists of a mismatch between the self-perceptions that make up the actual self, ideal self, and ought self.
self-discrepancy
an ongoing sense of confidence people have regarding their abilities and characteristics
trait self-esteem
uses more cognitive resources
controlled processing/mindfulness
refers to people's conviction that they can achieve specific goals that should lead to expected outcomes
what is self-efficacy
refers to usually conscious efforts by people to influence how others think of them
impression management
He proposed that individuals compare themselves with others in order to assess their abilities and opinions
Festinger's social comparison theory
tendency to regard oneself as grandiosely self-important
naricissism
inferences that people draw about the causes of their own behavior
self-attributions
the four ways self-efficacy develops
leads people to think others notice and evaluate them more than actually is the case
putting personal goals ahead of group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group memberships
Individualism
Baumrind's styles of two dimensions of parenting, acceptance, and control on children's self-esteem
authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful
the four dimensions of self-attributions
What are stable/internal; stable external; unstable internal; unstable external
intentional actions that thwart a person's self-interest
self-defeating behaviors
four types of impression management strategies
ingratiation; self-promotion; supplication; negative acknowledgment
how people express their sense of power or influence in the social world
both these characteristics interact in complex ways in self-esteem
ethnicity and gender
The four methods of self-enhancement
What are downward social comparison, self-serving bias, basking in reflected glory, self-handicapping
three types of self-defeating behaviors
deliberative self-destruction; trade-offs; counterproductive strategies
the degree to which people attend to and control the impressions they make on others
self-monitoring