Nature Vs Nurture
What does ¨nature¨ mean
“Nature” = traits or behaviors we’re born with (genetics/biology).
Who said our personality has the id, ego, and superego?
Freud said personality has the id, ego, and superego.
What does the “Looking-Glass Self” mean?
Looking-Glass Self = we see ourselves based on how we think others see us (Cooley).
What is the primary agent of socialization
Family is the primary agent of socialization.
What age group struggles with “identity vs. role confusion”?
“Identity vs. Role Confusion” = Adolescence (13–18).
What does “nurture” mean?
“Nurture” = traits or behaviors we learn from our environment or experiences.
Which thinker created the 4 stages of cognitive development?
Piaget created the 4 stages of cognitive development.
What does Mead’s “Play Stage” teach kids to do?
Play Stage = children learn to take on roles of others (Mead).
Which agent teaches us teamwork and competition?
Sports teach teamwork and competition.
What life stage includes further education and job hunting?
Further education and job hunting = Young Adulthood (18–29).
Twins raised apart help us understand the difference between what two forces?
Twins raised apart help us understand how much behavior comes from genes (nature) vs. environment (nurture).
What is Kohlberg known for?
Kohlberg studied stages of moral development.
What’s the difference between the “I” and the “Me”?
I = creative, personal part; Me = social, rule-following part (Mead).
What kind of neighborhood gives kids more supervision?
Affluent neighborhoods (wealthier) usually have more supervision.
When might someone experience “integrity vs. despair”?
“Integrity vs. Despair” = Late Adulthood (65+).
Give one example of a behavior influenced by nurture.
Example of nurture: language, manners, religion, or values learned from family/society.
Who said girls use a “care” perspective and boys use a “justice” one?
Gilligan said girls use a care perspective and boys use a justice perspective.
What’s the “Generalized Other”?
Generalized Other = society’s expectations we learn to follow (Mead).
What’s an example of a “hidden curriculum” in school?
Hidden curriculum = schools teach values like patriotism, honesty, and responsibility.
What stage is often about balancing family and work life?
Balancing work and family = Middle Adulthood (30–65).Balancing work and family = Middle Adulthood (30–65).
Give one exmaple of a behavior influnced by nature.
Nature: Eye color, height, or natural talent
Which theorist gave us the 8 stages of psychosocial development?
Erikson made the 8 stages of psychosocial development.
Who created the ¨Looking--Glass Self
Charles Cooley
What’s anticipatory socialization?
Anticipatory socialization = learning a role before actually taking it (like job training or college prep).
What is degradtion ceramony?
When your old idenity is stripped away to build a new one (ex: military basic training)