The Middle Passage
The ocean that was crossed during the Middle Passage
What is the Atlantic Ocean?
A circular, counterclockwise dance.
What is the ring-shout?
The figures that slaves traditionally worshiped in Africa.
Who are ancestors?
The secret meaning of "Everybody talking' 'bout heaven ain't goin' there."
This type of song told slaves directions on the Underground Railroad.
What is a map song?
The percentage of slaves that died on slave ships.
What is 20%?
The religion most slaves were forced to convert to.
What is christianity?
The person "Moses" is used to stand in for.
Who is Harriet Tubman?
This represents freedom because slaves did not have them.
What are shoes?
This is a type of song that told slaves when a planned escape was happening.
What is a signal song?
Songs sung while slaves died in protest of their conditions.
What is a "song of triumph?"
A listen-and-repeat style of singing.
What is call-and-response?
Slaves used this as a stand-in for worshipping their ancestors.
Who are biblical figures?
This represents freedom because the slaves were going there.
Where is heaven?
This song told slaves to hide in water if dogs were chasing them.
What is Wade in the Water?
Something that all spiritual music is closely tied to (think "big idea").
What is protest/resistance?
The three elements of the spiritual.
What are:
1) Religious references
2) Call and response
3) The ring-shout
The only place most slaves were able to communicate and share opinions.
What is church?
This is why there are few surviving protest songs.
Why is because it was dangerous?
This is what the "drinking gourd" is code for.
What is the Big Dipper/Ursa Major?
The length of time it took for slave ships to cross the ocean to America.
What is 3-4 months?
What are:
1) To express democratic values and community solidarity
2) To inspire and motivate in the fight for freedom
3) To protest
4) To communicate coded messager
This is how the ring-shout helped build community identity.
What is because everyone can participate?
She sang "How I Got Over" to introduce Dr. Martin Luther King during the March on Washington.
Who is Mahalia Jackson?
These groups helped escaped slaves hide from bounty hunters.
What are the Vigilance Committees?
Final Jeopardy:
This is what the counterclockwise movement of the ring shout represented in ancient Egypt.
What is the movement of the sun?
or
What is the cycle of life and death?