Exploration & Colonization
This country claimed land in the New World to profit from the fur trade.
Who is France?
These are rights that all people have from birth, listed in the Declaration of Independence: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
What are Unalienable Rights?
This was the first government of the United States which ultimately failed due to its weaknesses revealed by Shays' Rebellion.
What is the Articles of Confederation?
This amendment protects the freedoms of religion, assembly, petition, press, and speech.
What is the 1st Amendment?
This Supreme Court case established the principle of Judicial Review - the right of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
This invention expanded cotton production and the need for more enslaved labor.
What is the Cotton Gin?
This encouraged people to be more religious and led to the Reform Movement era.
What was the Second Great Awakening?
More factories, railroads, larger population, and the leadership of Ulysses S. Grant were advantages that belonged to which side of the Civil War?
What was the Union (North)?
This region of English colonies featured rocky soil, cold climate, deep harbors, fishing, shipbuilding, and was mostly founded for religious freedom.
What are the New England Colonies?
This is the belief that the British should have colonists' permission to pass taxes and was the main reason for the American Revolution.
What is "No Taxation Without Representation" or "Consent of the Governed"?
This was a process for admitting new states to the U.S. and required a territory to have 60,000 settlers, ban slavery, and protect individual rights.
What is the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?
This principle of government says that each branch of government has power over the other branches and prevents any single branch from becoming too powerful.
What is Checks and Balances?
This speech warned the nation against having permanent foreign alliances and creating political parties.
What is Washington's Farewell Address?
This is the idea that God destined America to expand west across the continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
What is Manifest Destiny?
This region's economy was focused on factories, industry, immigrant labor, and trade.
What is the Northern Region?
This battle resulted in a Union victory where they gained control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in half.
What was the Battle of Vicksburg?
This religious group, led by William Penn, settled in Pennsylvania and was the first anti-slavery group in America.
Who are the Quakers?
This battle was the turning point of the American Revolution due to France becoming a major ally of the Patriots.
What is the Battle of Saratoga?
This agreement was over how enslaved people would count towards a state's representation in Congress.
What was the Three-Fifths (3/5) Compromise?
This amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures without a warrant or probable cause.
What is the 4th Amendment?
The Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties were created due to the rivalry between these two members of Washington's Cabinet.
Who were Alexander Hamilton (Federalist) and Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)?
These are taxes on imported goods to protect American businesses; the North supported them, but the South was opposed to them.
What are tariffs (protective tariffs)?
This individual was an escaped slave who wrote an autobiography and published a newspaper called The North Star as part of the Abolitionist Movement.
This group of politicians took control of Congress after Lincoln's death and punished Confederate leaders after the Civil War.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
This colony was established in 1607 and survived due to the successful farming of tobacco.
What is Jamestown, Virginia?
This document was written by Thomas Jefferson and listed grievances against King George III, explaining the right to create a new government.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Who are the Federalists?
This amendment protects citizens from cruel or unusual punishment and excessive bail and fines.
What is the 8th Amendment?
This purchase doubled the size of the United States, allowing the U.S. to gain valuable farmland and complete control of the Mississippi River.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
This group of immigrants came to America due to a crop famine in their home country.
Who are the Irish immigrants?
This compromise allowed Missouri to become a slave state, Maine to become a free state, and created the 36 30' line to prevent slavery-related issues in the future.
What was the Missouri Compromise?
This amendment granted citizenship to African Americans and equal protection under the law; reversed the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision.
What was the 14th Amendment?
This system of controlled trade angered the colonists because they were forced to send cheap raw materials to Britain in exchange for expensive finished goods.
What is Mercantilism?
This law prohibited colonists from expanding west of the Appalachian Mountains, angering many colonists.
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
This compromise solved the issue of state representation in the Legislative Branch by combining the Virginia and New Jersey Plans.
This amendment states that rights not given to the federal government are given to the states; sets up the principle of Federalism.
What is the 10th Amendment?
This issue revolved around the question of whether South Carolina had the right to nullify a federal tariff.
What was the Nullification Crisis?
This is the movement of people to urban areas (cities) for factory work, causing city populations to boom.
What is Urbanization?
This movement was founded by Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Throeau that focused on idealism and your inner conscience; used civil disobedience as a form of protest.
What was Transcendentalism?
This farming system replaced slavery in which former slaves and poor whites were trapped in a cycle of debt.
What was sharecropping?
The distance from Britain, the First Great Awakening, and the policy of "salutary neglect" all contributed to this.
What is the growth of representative government in the colonies?
This was a series of acts passed in response to the Boston Tea Party; colonists formed the 1st Continental Congress in response to these acts.
What are the Intolerable Acts?
This group was against the ratification of the Constitution and believed that states should have more power than the federal government; also demanded a Bill of Rights.
Who are the Anti-Federalists?
This principle states that the people utilize their power by voting for representatives to make laws on their behalf.
What is Republicanism?
This was a place where artists painted landscapes of the American countryside to show the beauty of the nation in contrast to the industrialization happening in the Northeast.
What was the Hudson River School?
This land was acquired by the United States following the Mexican-American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
What was the Mexican Cession?
This law allowed Kansas and Nebraska settlers to vote whether or not to permit slavery in the territory; violence erupted between the groups.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?
Who was Hiram Rhodes Revels?