Mixed questions
1. Each sound can be studied on three levels. Which are they?
A) Phonetic, grammatical, lexical
B) Acoustic, articulatory, auditory
C) Semantic, syntactic, pragmatic
D) Functional, emotional, rhythmic
B) Acoustic, articulatory, auditory ✅
2. On the articulatory level, consonants are identified by:
A) Their length and stress
B) Place and manner of articulation
C) Their pitch and tone
D) Their duration
B) Place and manner of articulation ✅
3. According to V.A. Vassilyev, the main principle for classifying consonants is:
A) Degree of voicing
B) Manner and type of obstruction
C) Position of the tongue
D) Length of vibration
B) Manner and type of obstruction ✅
4. What are the two large classes of consonants according to the type of obstruction?
A) Oral and nasal
B) Occlusive and constrictive
C) Fortis and lenis
D) Voiced and voiceless
B) Occlusive and constrictive ✅
5. In the production of occlusive consonants:
A) There is complete obstruction
B) There is no obstruction
C) There is partial obstruction
D) The air passes freely
A) There is complete obstruction ✅
6. Constrictive consonants are produced with:
A) Complete closure
B) Incomplete obstruction
C) No obstruction
D) Nasal resonance
B) Incomplete obstruction ✅
7. The opposition [ti:] – [si:] illustrates:
A) Nasal vs. oral
B) Occlusive vs. constrictive
C) Voiced vs. voiceless
D) Fortis vs. lenis
B) Occlusive vs. constrictive ✅
8. According to the factor of noise and tone, consonants are divided into:
A) Plosives and affricates
B) Noise consonants and sonorants
C) Oral and nasal
D) Alveolar and velar
B) Noise consonants and sonorants ✅
9. Noise consonants include which two groups?
A) Plosives and affricates
B) Sonorants and nasals
C) Stops and approximants
D) Fricatives and glides
A) Plosives and affricates ✅
10. According to Soviet phoneticians, the main principle of classification is:
A) The degree of noise
B) The position of the soft palate
C) The tongue height
D) The manner of vibration
A) The degree of noise ✅
11. The second important principle for consonant classification is:
A) Place of articulation
B) Stress pattern
C) Tone
D) Duration
A) Place of articulation ✅
12. The place of articulation is determined by:
A) The number of syllables
B) The active organ of speech and point of contact
C) The vowel following it
D) The loudness
B) The active organ of speech and point of contact ✅
13. According to the place of articulation, English consonants are grouped into:
A) Oral and nasal
B) Labial, lingual, glottal
C) Voiced and voiceless
D) Front and back
B) Labial, lingual, glottal ✅
14. Bilabial consonants are made with:
A) Tongue and teeth
B) Both lips
C) Lips and alveolar ridge
D) Tongue and soft palate
B) Both lips ✅
15. The class of lingual consonants includes which three subclasses?
A) Nasal, oral, glottal
B) Forelingual, mediolingual, backlingual
C) Bilabial, alveolar, dental
D) Fricative, plosive, affricate
B) Forelingual, mediolingual, backlingual ✅
16. The voiced–voiceless distinction depends on:
A) Lip rounding
B) Work of the vocal cords
C) Position of the tongue
D) Length of sound
B) Work of the vocal cords ✅
17. In the pair [p, b], the difference is in:
A) Place of articulation
B) Voicing and energy
C) Manner of articulation
D) Position of soft palate
B) Voicing and energy ✅
18. All voiced consonants are:
A) Strong (fortis)
B) Weak (lenis)
C) Silent
D) Aspirated
B) Weak (lenis) ✅
19. All voiceless consonants are:
A) Lenis
B) Nasal
C) Fortis
D) Approximant
C) Fortis ✅
20. Which of the following pairs are voiced–voiceless oppositions?
A) [f–v], [s–z], [t–d]
B) [p–m], [l–r], [j–w]
C) [n–ŋ], [h–w], [g–r]
D) [k–n], [d–ʒ], [θ–ð]
A) [f–v], [s–z], [t–d] ✅
21. According to the position of the soft palate, consonants can be:
A) Oral and nasal
B) Voiced and voiceless
C) Bilabial and glottal
D) Plosive and fricative
A) Oral and nasal ✅
22. Nasal consonants are produced when:
A) The soft palate is raised
B) The soft palate is lowered
C) The tongue touches the alveolar ridge
D) The vocal cords do not vibrate
B) The soft palate is lowered ✅
23. Which sounds are nasal occlusive sonorants?
A) [m], [n], [ŋ] ✅
B) [p], [t], [k]
C) [f], [v], [s]
D) [l], [r], [j]
A) [m], [n], [ŋ] ✅
24. Nasal consonants differ from oral plosives because:
A) The tongue is higher
B) Air escapes through the nasal cavity
C) They are voiceless
D) They are aspirated
B) Air escapes through the nasal cavity ✅
25. The phonemes [p], [b], [s], [z] can be analyzed as:
A) All voiced
B) Two plosives and two fricatives
C) All sonorants
D) All nasals
B) Two plosives and two fricatives ✅