URINARY SYSTEM
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
KIDNEY
NEPHRON
URINARY PATHOLOGY
100
Nitrogenous waste composed of water, salts and acid
What is URINE?
100
Urine is expelled from the body through this
What is URETHRA?
100
Blood vessels that enter the kidney at the renal hilum
What are RENAL ARTERY AND RENAL VEINS?
100
Ball of capillaries
What is GLOMERULUS?
100

Inflammation of the kidney

What is pyelonephritis?

200
This organ prevents waste from metabolism from building up and becoming toxic to the body
What is KIDNEY?
200
Micturition
What is URINATION/ VOIDING/ PROCESS OF EXPELLING URINE?
200
Cup-like collection regions
What are MAJOR CALYX AND MINOR CALYX?
200
Enclosing structure surrounding each tiny ball of capillaries
What is BOWMAN'S CAPSULE/ GLOMERULAR CAPSULE?
200
A kidney condition that can be brought on by childhood streptococcal infections. 

What is glomerulonephritis?

300
Set of test performed on urine to determine chemical and microscopic composition
What is URINALYSIS ?
300
The trigone is a triangular region at the base of this hollow sac
What is URINARY BLADDER?
300
Extensions of the cortex, divides the medulla into sections
What is RENAL COLUMN?
300
Blood leaves the tiny ball of capillaries via the
What is EFFERENT ARTERIOLE?
300
Forms when there is excessive amount of calcium or uric acid
What is KIDNEY STONES/ RENAL CALCULI / NEPHROLITHIASIS?
400

Abnormally low urinary output between 100-400ml/day

What is oliguria?

400

Dilute urine would have a specific gravity closest to: 1.030, 1.001, 1.010, 1.020

What is 1.001?

400

Restores blood pressure by causing blood vessels to constrict.

What is angiotensin II?

400

moves items from the blood of the peritubular capillaries to the filtrate for elimination in the urine

What is Tubular secretion?

400

Imbalance: Lack of ADH release, causing huge amounts of dilute urine to be voided

What is diabetes insipidus?

500
Microscopic structure composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule
What is NEPHRON?
500
The process of urine formation
What is FILTRATION, REABSORPTION & SECRETION?
500
Branches from the renal artery. It does not have a corresponding vein
What is SEGMENTAL ARTERY?
500
Visceral layer of elaborate cells wrapped around the capillaries
What is PODOCYTES?
500
Multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney
What is POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE?
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