The Earliest Americans
Native American Cultures
Trading Kingdoms of West Africa
Europe before Transatlantic Travel
Key Terms
100
These people crossed from northeastern Asia to present-day Alaska between 38,000 and 10,000 BC.
Who are the Paleo-Indians?
100
To strengthen the alliance against invasion.
What was the goal of the Iroquois League?
100
The two most valuable trade items in West Africa from 800-1500.
What are gold and salt?
100
In the mid-1400s, he developed a printing press that used movable type.
Who is Johannes Gutenberg?
100
A group's set of common values and traditions.
What is culture?
200
They developed the earliest known civilization in Mesoamerica.
Who were the Olmec?
200
The cliff dwellings built by this group gave them protection against their enemies.
Who were the Anasazi?
200
This product of West Africa could be traded for valuable goods in the Middle East and Europe.
What are slaves?
200
This long series of wars changed Europe by leading to increased trade with Asia.
What were the Crusades?
200
Nobles exchanged land for military service with these warriors who fought on horseback.
What are knights?
300
During the Ice Age, the sea level dropped and exposed this land bridge.
What is the Bering Land Bridge?
300
These two cultures were moundbuilders and skilled farmers and traders.
Who were the Hopewell and Mississippian?
300
This man had scholars set up schools in Mali for the study of the Qur'an.
Who is Mansa Musa?
300
This creation of this benefited investors by allowing them to take fewer risks.
What is a joint stock company?
300
A pilgrimage to Mecca.
What is a hajj?
400
These early civilizations both grew maize and lived in small villages.
Who were the Maya and the Olmec?
400
Individual rights to use land were temporary.
What was the Native American belief about land rights?
400
These two groups became involved in the slave trade in the 600s.
Who were the Arab Muslims and the Europeans?
400
This man wrote the Republic, which described an ideal society.
Who was Plato?
400
One of Songhai's greatest rulers, a devout Muslim born with the name Muhammad Ture.
Who was Askia the Great?
500
People who hunted animals and gathered wild plants for food.
What were hunter-gatherers?
500
The Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Seneca nations all belonged to this group.
What was the Iroquois League?
500
According to legend, he became famous when he won back Mali's independence and conquered nearby kingdoms.
Who was Sundiata?
500
A type of democracy called a republic, in which people elect representatives to rule them.
What is a republic?
500
Under his leadership, Mali reached the height of its wealth, power, and fame.
Who is Mansa Musa?
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