Mackiewicz/Thompson Review
Of the three major strategy areas Mackiewicz and Thompson describe, it’s the one is most likely to include negative politeness strategies.
What is instruction?
Scaffolding while attending to the Zone of Proximal Development involves three activities or modes of support: intersubjectivity, contingency, and fading. This is the one most likely to occur when the student has shown increased competence.
What is fading?
This is the kind of technology that can be used to educate students within their ZPD by adapting to learners’ pace, tailoring its scaffolding, and recommending personalized readings and goals.
What is AI (also acceptable: ChatGPT, Google NotebookLM, or data analytics)?
This is the name Brooks gives for the style of tutoring he recommends, wherein the student does all the work.
What is minimalist tutoring?
Of the three major strategy areas Mackiewicz and Thompson describe, this is the one Brooks would hate the most.
What is instruction?
Problems are solved in math in what is known as a ___________ domain, because the question is clear and the answer is either right or wrong.
What is a closed-world domain (55)?
Scaffolding while attending to the Zone of Proximal Development involves three activities or modes of support: intersubjectivity, contingency, and fading. This is the one that involves attending to how well the student is learning and adjusting the support as needed.
What is contingency?
This is the kind of ZPD-attentive education and scaffolding that takes place when peers of relatively equal experience and ability challenge one another’s ideas.
What is collaborative ZPD or collaborative scaffolding?
This is one of the two strategies of “defensive” minimalist tutoring, to be used when the student resists doing work. (Briefly describe any of the two.)
What are mirroring the student’s body language and being honest that the student should be doing all the work?
Of the three major strategy areas Mackiewicz and Thompson describe, this is the one Brooks would love the most.
What is cognitive scaffolding?
Of the cognitive scaffolding strategies Mackiewicz and Thompson describe, it’s the one the successful tutors used the most; in fact, more than every other cognitive scaffold combined.
What is pumping?
External guidance from someone else becomes an independent capability within the individual learner after it undergoes this process.
What is internalization?
When peers challenge one another’s ideas, it can promote this kind of brain activity, which means thinking about thinking.
What is metacognition or metacognitive activity?
This is where Brooks recommends sitting during the session.
What is next to the student (not across)?
This is a suggestion Brooks makes that, if you saw a Writing Fellow do it, might be categorized as “motivational scaffolding.” (Name any of the suggestions he mentions that you think would fit.)
What is, emphasizing that the student is the owner of the paper; encouraging students to treat their own writing with the care and attention of a literary text, i.e., affirming its worth; keeping the student focused on their own writing; praising the student and emphasizing their success; creating a mini-deadline within the session?
This is the name of the Soviet education theorist who described the Zone of Proximal Development concept.
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
The Zone of Proximal Development refers to the distance between what a learner can do on their own and the upper limit of what they can do with the help of an MKO. This is what MKO stands for.
What is More Knowledgeable Other?
When learners are supported socially within their ZPD, it promotes this, “the brain’s ability to change and form new connections.”
What is neuroplasticity?
This is what Brooks considers a “worst-case scenario” for a writing center session. (Briefly describe.)
What is, the tutor points out errors, suggests improvements to the paper’s organization, gives some factual information; then the student makes the suggested changes, receives an A, thanks the tutor; and ultimately, everyone feels good?
This is a finding from Mackiewicz and Thompson’s study that seems to directly contradict Brooks’ argument.
What is the finding that successful tutors used instruction the most?