Foundations of Morality
This is the aspect of Catholic morality focused on our own personal perceptions of right and wrong, from our conscience
Human Reason
The law of Classic Utilitarianism states to do this
whatever action brings about the greatest good to the greatest number
This is the source of all law
God
It is "“The power, rooted in reason and will, to act or not to act, to do this or that, and so to perform deliberate actions on one’s own responsibility”
Free Will
The trolley problem is a moral dilemma created as an example for _________ ethics
Utilitarian
what are three ways one can respond to any rule?
obey, ignore, defy
Our calling to share God's love with others
Vocation
A true utilitarian would make what choice regarding the infamous passing train, and why?
Pull the switch, sacrificing one is worth saving five
Why is license considered immoral?
it undisciplined freedom that disregard's God's law, one's own good, or other's rights
This is the choice to do good for others, even if it means some personal sacrifice
Love
A soldier goes to rescue three hostages but has to leave behind his severely wounded partner. What type of ethics is this?
Utilitarianism
this type of law is the official body of rules that provides for good order in the Catholic Church.
canon law (church law)
This is the aspect of Catholic morality focused on teachings of the Catholic Church and Scripture
Divine Tradition
The boy fessed up about taking money from his mother's purse, because he knew it is a sin to lie. What type of ethics is this?
Divine Command Theory
this type of law is a system of rules applied to the members of a given society
civil law
The "O.G." symbol of marriage in the Catholic Church
Christ & the Church
The company paid out compensation fees to all customers who were injured due to their product after the court trial.
Contractarianism
List the Five Precepts of the Church
1. Attend Mass on Sundays and Holy Days of obligation and rest from servile labor. 2. Confess sins at least once a year. 3. Receive the Sacrament of the Eucharist at least during Easter season. 4. Observe days of fasting and abstinence. 5. Help to provide for the needs of the Church.
This quality cannot be taken away, and inherently does not have to be earned
Human Dignity
The full name of the philosopher to whom the ethical philosophy around establishing a universal law of moral code is credited
Immanuel Kant
Which Church philosopher said law should be "an ordinance of reason for the common good, promulgated by the one who is in charge of the community"
St. Thomas Aquinas
The personal sin of Adam and Eve, the first human beings, by which they disobeyed God’s commandment and chose their own will over God’s will
Original Sin
Someone turned in a wallet they found on the sidewalk, nothing taken out of it, since they knew it was the right thing to do. What type of ethics is this?
Virtue Ethics
This is "the grace of the holy spirit that cleanses you from your sins and communicates the righteousness of God"
Justification
These desires result from Original Sin and produce an inclination to sin, also expressed as “the rebellion of the ‘flesh’ against the ‘spirit’”
Concupiscence
An ethical philosophy (ism) focused entirely on seeking pleasure and avoiding pain, often misinterpreted as pure overindulgence
Hedonism
The difference between external freedom and internal freedom
external: freedom from factors outside yourself that limit choice
internal: freedom from personal factors that limit choice
These are three important virtues bestowed on a person at Baptism & help the person to relate to God: faith, hope, and charity
Theological Virtues
This is the name for classic utilitarian decision making, focusing on individual choices and their particular effects
Act Utilitarianism
List Five Limits to Freedom
Ignorance, Inadvertence, Duress, Inordinate attachment, Habit
This is the “sum total of social conditions that allow people, either as groups or as individuals, to reach their fulfillment more fully and more easily”
Common Good
This form of utilitarianism tries to better establish norms to practice utilitarian ethics in a society
Rule Utilitarianism
This is the law written into your soul that expresses the “original moral sense” that enables you to discern between good and evil
natural law
It's a philosophy that denies there is any meaning in existence or religious beliefs. Believers maintain that the only thing that comes after life is nothingness, or annihilation.
Nihilism
In Utilitarian ethics, what is an "objective stranger" supposed to be able to do?
Make informed but not emotionally-attached decisions about what choice brings the greatest good for the most people
The belief system that there are no absolute truths, only subjective beliefs that may not be the same for others
Moral Relativism