People
The First Pope
Who is St. Peter?
Council Called by Constantine to fight the Arian heresy. The outcome was the declaration that the Father and the Son were homoousios (of the same nature)
What is the Council of Nicea?
Religious communities who live in a monastery and devote their lives to prayer, work, and contemplation.
What are Monastic religious orders?
Heresy that denied the divinity of Jesus Christ. This heresy argued that only the Father was eternal and the Son was merely the first creature of God
What is Arianism?
Who blamed the Great Fire of Rome on the Christians?
Who is Nero?
Emperor of the Roman Empire who moved the capital out of Rome and legalized Christianity
Who is Constantine?
Called right after Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire to follow up to the council of Nicea and finalize the Nicene Creed
Council of Constantinople
Religious communities who live in smaller groups and travel to serve their various missions.
What are Mendicant religious orders?
This heresy held that Jesus was not really God but merely a man to whom special graces had been given and who achieved a kind of divine status at his baptism. This idea that Christ as a man was only the adopted son of God.
What is Adoptionism?
Religious order founded by a group of monks who wished to return to the original vision of St. Benedict.
Who are the Cistercians?
Bishop of Hippo from 396 to 430, one of the Latin Fathers of the Church and perhaps the most significant Christian thinker after St. Paul. His most important works are Confessions and The City of God.
Who is St. Augustine?
The Third Ecumenical Council called in 431 to fight against the Nestorian heresy. The outcome of this council was the proclamation that Jesus was both fully God and fully man and that Mary was to be called Theotokos (God-bearer)
The Council of Ephesus
The buying and selling of Chruch offices and titles
What is Simony?
Heresy that taught there is only one person in God, who manifests himself in various ways, or modes. A common form of this heresy was Sabellianism.
What is Modalism?
What year were Sts. Peter and Paul martyred?
What is 64AD
Also known as Hildebrand, he was responsible for many medieval reforms that ended problems such as lay investiture and simony.
Who is Gregory VII?
Council Called in 451 to refute Eutchynism, which claimed that Jesus only had a divine nature. The outcome of this council was the proclamation that Jesus was one person with two natures, human and divine and that these natures are without confusion, without change, without division, without separation
What is the Council of Chalcedon?
The medieval practice of kings and princes giving temporal duties, such as building and land, to a newly consecrated bishop, in return for their loyalty and influence
What is Lay Investiture?
The heresy that salvation is achieved through the human will, rather than an act of divine grace.
What is Pelagianism?
What was the edict that made Christianity the official religion in the Roman Empire?
What is the Edict of Thessalonica?
Dominican friar, philosopher, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church. An immensely influential philosopher, theologian, and writer in the tradition of scholasticism. His most famous work is the Summa Theologia
Who is St. Thomas Aquinas
What year was the Great Schism
What is 1054?
A system of theology and philosophy based on Aristotelian logic and the natural sciences.
What is Scholasticism?
A heresy holding that the validity of the sacraments depends upon the moral character of the minister of the sacraments and that sinners cannot be true members of the Church or even tolerated by the Church if their sins are publicly known.
What is Donatism?
A papal bull written by Pope Nicholas II in 1059 that called for major reforms in the papal election.
What is "In Nomine Domini"?