Terms to know
What is Theology?
An early heretical movement that believed that the physical world was evil and the spiritual world was good. They sought to escape the body and enter the world of pure spirit.
What is Gnosticism?
Wrote Romans and many other epistles. Was executed, along with Peter, by Nero
Who was Paul?
Because of Roman misunderstanding about Christian Theology and Practice, Christians were often accused of these three things.
What are cannibalism, incest, and atheism?
Someone who believes in the central importance of the gospel and holds to orthodox Christian doctrines, including the inspiration of Scripture.
What is an evangelical?
Literally, right or correct teaching. The consensus teaching of the Christian church on a key area of doctrine.
What is Orthodox
The belief that the Father, Son, and Spirit are different roles of one God who is one person that plays three different roles.
What is Modalism?
North African theologian and bishop. He is known for his responses to the Donatists and Pelagius and his writings, especially Confessions and City of God.
Who was St. Augustine?
This afforded Christianity some protection against persecution early in its history
What is its association with Judaism (because Judaism was seen as an ancient religion)?
Someone associated with a denomination or group whose roots can be traced back to the Reformation. This includes Lutherans, Presbyterians, Anglicans, Methodists and Baptists.
What is a Protestant?
Incorrect teaching that is outside the bonds of acceptable Christian doctrine (not merely an area of disagreement).
What is heresy?
Heretic who espoused that the Son was not co-eternal with the Father nor of the same substance, but was a creation of the Father.
Who was Arius?
Theologian who opposed Arius and espoused the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity: There is one God who is three persons. These persons are co-equal, co-eternal, and of the same substance.
Who was Athanasius?
This event lead to the first great persecution of Christians under Nero
What is the Great Fire of Rome?
In the context of theology, someone who denies the historicity of miracles, especially the bodily resurrection of Jesus, and the inspiration of Scripture.
What is a Liberal?
An act that is seen by some as being, in some sense, a means of receiving God’s grace.
What is a sacrament?
A second-century heretic, influenced by gnostic teaching, who denied the Old Testament and much of the New Testament. He believed that the God of the Old Testament was evil and a different god than the God of the New Testament.
Who is Marcion?
Medieval theologian and author of the Summa Theologica who developed the Five Ways as arguments for God’s existence.
Who was Thomas Aquinas?
This event lead to the end of persecution against Christians
What is the conversion of Constantine?
A theological system that emphasizes God’s sovereignty, especially in regards to human salvation.
What is Calvinism?
The belief that the bread and cup of the Lord’s Supper actually become the body and blood of Christ when blessed by the priest.
What is transubstantiation?
A second-century heretic who claimed to be the mouthpiece of the Holy Spirit.
Who is Montanus?
Medieval theologian who developed the Ontological Argument and articulated the doctrine of the substitutionary atonement.
Who was Anselm?
This controversy led to the splitting of the Eastern and Western Church
What is the filioque controversy?
A theological system that emphasizes human free will in regards to their salvation.
What is Arminianism?