People
Kielhofner and Burke created this model
MOHO- Model of Human Occupation
This framework looks at occupation as a core domain and spirituality as the central core of a person and is focused on enablement and social justice.
CMOP
A limitation to this framework is that there is no insight on how the interactions between person, environment, and occupation occur.
Strengths of this framework: helps OT practitioners with clear start and clear end of therapeutic relationship, emphasizes establishing client-centered goals and nature of OT and supports professional reasoning
CMOP
Focus of intervention is on volition and habituation which leads to occupational competence and occupational identity and the result is occupational adaptation.
MOHO:
The practical application increases motivation by replacing an intervention that may be perceived as meaningless by an individual to one that an individual might find meaningful.
Great choice when emphasizing adaptation as an internal process.
OA
Model created by Baum and Christiansen
The person who expanded upon the model in 2015.
PEOP- Person Environment Occupation Performance Model
Bass expanded it.
PEOP considers this as a primary outcome of interest
Occupational performance.
Performance is large aspect of this model. Identifies barrier and facilitators to performance.
The benefits of PEOP: comprehensive model, focus away from deficits, top-down
Well conceived view of social, cultural and political influences.
The limitations of PEOP:
No current assessment tools, no evidence based research
Focus of intervention is on enablers and barriers which leads to occupational performance and results in occupational participation.
PEOP
This model is good to select when there are many aspects of the person that need to be considered in detail while still examining the aspects of the interactions.
PEOP
The person who developed the PEO model
Mary Law
MOHO focuses on these three internal factors and/or this external factor.
Volition- includes personal causation, values and interests
Habituation- includes habits and internalized roles
Performance capacity- objective and subjective components; is "the ability to do things"
AND/OR
Environment (external)
This framework is a simple way to describe OT and its practice. It uses multiple ways to elicit change and implements interventions in context and at various levels of the environment.
The limitation of this theory or the time when it would not be helpful to use.
PEO
Limitation: if there is need to look at ONE aspect in isolation
This framework uses five specific intervention strategies which include: establish and restore, alter, adapt/modify, prevent, and create.
EHP
Establish and restore: focus on sensorimotor, cognitive and or psychosocial domains; establish new performance patterns and restore abilities by teaching skills; skills are measurable and additive
Alter: focus on the context; start with establishing baseline in person domains, select a context; do not alter the client’s internal and external context
Adapt/modify: focus directly on the modification of the context or task for successful performance; person variables remain as they are, changes are made to the task itself and/or context instead; modifications and adaptations are implemented for physical and social environment including all contexts (physical, cultural, virtual)
Prevent: proactively minimizing risks and avoid development of performance problems; strategies to prevent the occurrence of poor performance; primary intervention approach
Create: goal is to support optimal performance by maximizing opportunities that enhance one’s quality of life; promotes enriching and meaningful occupational performance; approaches can target person variables, tasks, and contexts
Best model to use when considering therapeutic environments and to communicate with other disciplines.
EHP
Winnie Dunn developed this theory.
Schkade and Schultz developed this theory.
Ecology of Human Performance
Occupational Adaptation
Focus of this theory is on the dynamic transactional interrelationships between the person, environment, and occupations. The goal of this framework:
PEO- Person Environment Occupation Model
Goal is to produce the best possible occupational performance
The strength of this framework is that it focuses on adaptation as an internal process and emphasizes the client as an agent of change in setting the goals.
A limitation could be that it does not necessarily take into consideration a changing environment.
Occupational Adaptation Model
In this framework, the intervention is planned by both the patient and the therapist. Data is gathered about the patient's occupational environments and role expectations, the primary treatment focus is selected and therapy program uses both occupational readiness and occupational activity and then relative mastery is evaluated.
CMOP-E
This theory stems from the human occupation model by Reed & Sanders.
The other theorists involved created main concepts for this framework including enablement, social justice, and environment.
CMOP- Canadian Model of Occupational Performance
Polatajko (enablement)
Law (social justice)
Townsend (environment)
The focus of occupational adaptation.
Adaptation is essential for overall occupational functioning; theory for people to generate an adaptive response to occupational challenges
Ability to meet occupational challenges with relative mastery...
This framework is comprehensive and can be used in many practice contexts. It emphasizes habit training, organization, and adaptation.
A limitation to this framework.
MOHO
Limitation: may need to be supplemented (particularly in relation to performance)
Focus of intervention is on person-environment-occupation fit which leads to occupational performance resulting in OCCUPATIONAL ENGAGEMENT. This framework uses a tool and outcome measure that breaks down performance into: self-care, productivity and leisure.
The other framework that uses this tool.
CMOP-E
Tool: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)
Used frequently with PEOP because it also uses COPM
Best model to use that considers the influence of each part and does not examine one aspect in isolation.
PEO