Psychoanalytic
The therapeutic relationship within psychoanalysis.
What is the therapist remaining anonymous to encourage the client to project onto the therapist (blank screen method)?
What is the therapist making interpretations of the client's current behaviours and thoughts as it relates to the past?
Therapeutic relationship within Adlerian theory.
What is emphasis on joint responsibility, mutual goals, trust, respect, and equality?
What is identifying, exploring, and disclosing mistaken goals and faulty assumptions?
Existential
-Existential Therapeutic Relationship.
Person-Centered
-Traits of the Person-Centered Therapeutic Relationship.
Existential
-What is accurately grasping the client's experience in the world and establishing an authentic encounter with them? Further, the here-and-now is emphasized in the authenticity of the relationship.
Person-Centered
-What is genuineness, congruence, warmth, accurate empathy, respect, and non-judgemental? Clients use this genuine relationship with the therapist to transfer what they learn to other relationships.
Therapeutic relationship within Gestalt psychotherapy.
What are the therapist's attitudes and behaviours having greater weight than the specific techniques used? What is the therapist not interpreting the client's situation but assisting them to develop the means to their own conclusions?
Behaviourism
- Therapeutic relationship within behavioural therapy.
CBT
- Therapeutic relationship in cognitive behavioural therapies. (REBT & CT)
Behaviourism
- What is the therapist being active and direct and acting as a teacher or mentor? What is the client being active in experiments to change behaviours?
CBT
-REBT: What is the therapist functioning as a teacher and the client as a student?
-CT: What is the therapist and client working collaboratively? What is the therapist promoting corrective experiences that lead to new skills?
Philosophy of psychoanalysis.
What is unconscious motives and conflicts are central in present behaviours?
What is early development has critical importance because later personality problems have their roots in repressed childhood conflicts?
Philosophy of Adlerian theory.
What is humans are motivated by social interest, striving toward goals, inferiority and superiority, and managing life tasks.
What is humans have the capacity to create meaning within their own lives?
What is each person creating a unique style of life at a young age which remains constant throughout life?
Existentialism
-Philosophy of existentialism.
Person-centred
-Philosophy within person-centred therapy.
Existentialism
-What are clients creating meaning and purpose in their own lives?
Person-centred
-What are people having an inclination toward becoming fully functioning?
Gestalt philosophy.
What is based on learning principles? What is abnormal behaviour is the product of faulty learning? What is integrating the clients' thinking, feelings, and behaviours?
Behaviourism
- Philosophy of behaviourism.
CBT
-Philosophy within cognitive behavioural therapy.
Behaviourism
- What is behaviour is the product of learning, and humans are both the product and producer of the environment?
CBT
- What are individuals relying on faulty thinking? What is to change thoughts is to change behaviour? What is a psychoeducational model?
Key concepts in psychoanalysis.
What is anxiety is a result of repression?
What is current behaviour is based on conscious processes?
Key concepts in Adlerian theory.
What is the unity of personality, striving for significance and superiority, developing a unique lifestyle, and understanding the family constellation?
Existentialism
-Key concepts of an existentialist approach to counselling.
Person-centred
- Key concepts within person-centred therapy?
Existentialism
-What are core human conditions (responsibility, meaning / meaninglessness, death, etc.)?
Person-centred
-What is congruence, unconditional positive regard, accurate empathetic understanding, and the therapeutic relationship?
Key concepts of Gestalt psychotherapy.
What is contact with self and others, awareness, avoidance, energy, experiencing the here-and-now, wholism, and unfinished business?
Behaviourism
-Key concepts of behaviourism.
CBT
- Key concepts of CBT
Behaviourism
- What is focus on overt behaviours? What is behaviourism being based on learning principles? What is normal behaviour is learned through reinforcement? What is abnormal behaviour is the result of faulty learning?
CBT
-What is psychological problems are rooted in our cognitions? What is cognitions are the major determinants of how be behave? What is problems being rooted in childhood being reinforced by present ways of thinking?
Goals of psychoanalytic therapy.
What is to make the unconscious conscious?
What is to reconstruct the client's personality?
What is to achieve intellectual and emotional awareness?
Goals of Adlerian theory.
What is challenging the client's basic premises and life goals?
What is to develop a client's sense of belonging?
Existential
-Goals of existential therapy.
Person-centered
-Goals of person-centered therapy.
- What is helping people see that they are free and become aware of their possibilities? What is challenging clients to accept responsibility?
Person-centered
- What is creating a safe climate conductive to a client's self-exploration? What is enabling clients to find meaning and experience life fully and be more self-directed?
Goals of Gestalt Therapy.
What is assisting clients in gaining awareness, expanding their ability to make choices, and fostering the integration of the self?
Behaviourism
- Goals of behavioural therapy.
CBT
- Goals of cognitive behavioural therapy.
Behaviourism
- What are eliminating maladaptive behaviours and learning effective ones?
CBT
- What is teaching clients to confront faulty beliefs, become aware of automatic thoughts, change unhealthy thoughts/behaviours, and identify inner strengths?
The goal of psychoanalytic interventions.
Name three techniques or interventions from a psychoanalytic approach.
What is interpretation, dream analysis, free association, analysis of resistance, transference, and countertransference?
What is helping clients gain access to their unconscious conflicts?
Adlerian techniques and interventions.
Name three Adlerian techniques or interventions.
What is gathering life history data (family constellation, early recollections, personal priorities), push-button technique, sharing interpretations with clients, offering encouragement, and assisting clients in finding new possibilities?
Existential
-Techniques and interventions applied within existentialism therapy.
Person-centred
-Techniques and interventions utilized in person-centred therapy.
Existentialism
-What is understanding the client, first and foremost, and incorporating techniques from other approaches that benefit the client?
Person-centred
-What is a "way of being" that the therapist embodies? What is active listening, reflection of feelings, clarification, "being there" for the client, and focusing on the client's moment-to-moment experience?
Gestalt interventions / techniques.
What are two-chair technique and experiments designed to intensify experiencing and integrate conflicting feelings?
Behaviourism
- List five interventions or techniques used in Behaviourism.
CBT
- List five interventions or techniques used in cognitive behavioural therapy.
Behaviourism
-What is reinforcement, shaping, modelling, systematic desensitization, relaxation methods, flooding, EMDR, cognitive restructuring, social skills training, self-management programs, mindfulness and acceptance methods, behavioural rehearsal, coaching, and homework assignments?
CBT
-What are Socratic dialogue, collaborative empiricism, debating irrational beliefs, homework assignments, gathering data through tracking, forming alternative interpretations, learning new coping skills, changing one's language, and role play.