Jung 2
What is the collective unconscious?
The deepest level of the psyche containing the accumulation of inherited experiences of human and pre-human species. Universal experiences (i.e., those that are repeated by every generation) are included in the collective unconscious.
Adler's theory is called...
Individual Psychology
Adler believed that personality is shaped by..
Future hopes, expectations, and goals. He believed we are all oriented towards the future.
T or F: In the same household, children will have the same experiences
False
According to Horney, this is the most important relationship in a human beings life
Relationship between child and parents
Describe the persona archetype
A mask, a public face we wear to present ourselves as someone different from who we really are. Necessary because we are forced to play so many roles in life in order to succeed
T or F: Inferiority feelings are a bad thing.
False. All people naturally feel inferior, whether they really are or not, inferiority feelings are a constant motivating force in all behavior
Describe compensation
Striving to overcome inferiority and reach higher levels of development
Describe characteristics of second-born children
May feel motivated to develop more quickly in order to “catch up” with older sibling, more optimistic about the future, less concerned with power, but still can be competitive and ambitious
What is the safety need
the need for security and freedom from fear
Describe the 2 sides of the shadow archetype
The shadow contains behaviors that society considers evil and immoral, we must at all times restrain, overcome, and defend against these primitive impulses. Shadow is also source of vitality, spontaneity, creativity, and emotion
Adler believed the style of life is firmly crystalized by the age of
4-5 years old
The 3 causes of an inferiority complex
-Organic inferiority
-Spoiling
-Neglecting
Describe some characteristics of only children
Tend to mature early and adopt adult behaviors and attitudes as children, may struggle with not being the center of attention
What are some things that Horney believed undermine our feelings of safety as children?
Obvious preference of one sibling over another, unfair punishment, erratic behavior, failure to keep promises, ridicule, humiliation, isolation of the child from peers
Jung believed the personality develops the most in..
Middle age, between 35 and 40.
Describe the style of life
a unique character structure or pattern or personal behaviors and characteristics by which each of us strives for perfection
Inferiority feelings ---> overcompensation ---> ?
Superiority complex. Develops when a person tries to overcompensate for inferiority feelings; exaggerated opinion of one’s abilities and accomplishments
T or F: Adler's theory emphasizes the role of the unconscious, even more than Freud.
False. Adler eliminated the complicated role of the unconscious from his theory all together.
Describe basic anxiety
A pervasive feeling of loneliness and helplessness, the foundation of neuroses
Describe individuation
An innate and inevitable process toward fulfilling one’s capacities
What are the 4 styles of life?
-Getting type
-Avoiding type
-Dominant type
-Socially useful type
An individual with little to no interpersonal relationships would be said to have ____ social interest.
Low. Social interest is our innate potential to cooperate with other people to achieve personal and societal goals; having high social interest is associated with fewer mental health concerns.
According to Adler, what drives human behavior?
Moving from inferiority to superiority.
What are the 4 self-protective mechanisms
Securing affection
Being submissive
Attaining power
Withdrawing