Speciation
What is the definition of a species?
A group that can breed and produce fertile offspring
What type of isolation occurs when organisms live in different habitats?
Ecological isolation
What phrase describes natural selection?
Survival of the fittest
What must be true for allele frequencies to remain constant?
HW equilibrium
What type of structure shows common ancestry?
Homologous structures
What is the total collection of alleles in a population called?
The gene pool
When two species breed at different times of year, what isolation is this?
Temporal isolation
Which type of selection favors one extreme trait?
Directional selection
Name one HW assumption.
No mutation / no migration / large population / random mating / no selection
What type of structure shows reduced or unused features?
Vestigial structures
What process occurs when populations become genetically different due to lack of gene flow?
Speciation
Courtship dances and mating rituals are examples of what isolation?
Behavioral isolation
Which type of selection favors the average trait?
Stabilizing selection
What happens when HW conditions are not met?
Evolution occurs
What do embryos show about evolution?
Common ancestry
What increases genetic variation and reduces differences between populations?
Gene flow
When anatomy prevents mating, what isolation is this?
Mechanical isolation
Which type of selection favors both extremes?
Disruptive selection
What effect occurs when a population is drastically reduced?
Bottleneck effect
What is a transitional species?
A fossil showing intermediate traits
What must happen to gene flow for speciation to occur?
It must stop (isolation must occur)
What type of isolation occurs when physical barriers separate populations?
Geographical isolation
Give an example of directional selection.
Finch beak size
What effect occurs when a few individuals start a new population?
Founder effect
Give the example of a transitional species.
Archaeopteryx