Theory of Evolution & Natural Selection Review

Adaptations

100

This allows an organism to better survive and reproduce in an environment.

Favorable adaptation.

200

This is considered a negative trait an organism may have. 

Unfavorable adaptation.

300

Explain using vocabulary words why it would not be a good situation for a polar bear to be dropped in the desert. 

Answers may vary. 

400

TRUE OR FALSE: An organism changes on its own over time based on its own species, not the environment.

FALSE.

500

If fish are able to survive in brackish water, and a drought occurs, limiting the amount of freshwater coming into the estuary, what will happen to the fish population?

It will go down because they are not adapted to live in water with high salinity. 

Genetics

100

This term is used to describe a change in DNA

Mutation

200

TRUE OR FALSE: There is a 100% chance an offspring will inherit a trait from their parents if they both have it. 

FALSE

300

Certain types of tree frogs live in habitats with a lot of green, leafy vegeation. What color tree frog would have the best chance of passing on its traits to the next generations of this habitat?

Green

400

This term is used to describe when a certain trait is selected by humans, and used to breed future generations with the same trait. 

Artificial Selection

500

This is the full name for DNA 

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Structures & Functions

100

The appendix in humans is an example of this 

Vestigial Structure

200

The bird wing and the bat wing have different structures but the same function. This makes them what kind of strucutre?

Analogous structure. 

300

The human arm and leg of cats have the same structure, but a different function. This makes them what kind of structure?

Homologous structure.

400

TRUE OR FALSE: Homologous structures show organisms share a common ancestor

TRUE

500

TRUE OR FALSE: The dorsal fin in sharks and dolphins is a homologous structure

FALSE

• Similar Function, Different Origin: Both fins help with stability and movement in water, but they developed separately to meet the same need. 

Change Over Time

100

This is the definition of a species changing over time.

Evolution

200

TRUE OR FALSE: If an organism has a trait that allows it to better survive and reproduce in its environment, then the trait will be present many generations later. 

TRUE

300

Recall the peppered moth case study. Over time, what happened to the moth population? Why?

The industrial revolution caused the dark moth adaptation to become favorable so light peppered moth populations decreased. 

400

When working in the Galapagos Islands, this is the species Charles Darwin based his theory of Evolution on

Finches 

500

Over 50 years, finches in an area have beaks that go from being short and strong (for cracking open seeds) to long and wide (filtering). What does this change in finch population tell you about the possible changes in their environment?

The environment has become more aquatic, requiring more beaks to be able to filter organisms out of the water, and not cracking open seeds. 

VOCAB & OTHER STUFF

100

This is the process in which organisms with better traits are going to survive and reproduce. 

Natural Selection

200

This is the term used to describe an offspring gaining traits from the parent.

Inheritance

300

This can be considered an advantage or disadvantage depending on the environment.

Adaptation.

400

This is the term for an adaptation an organism may have, but no longer uses.

Vestigial Structure.

500

Every year, adult salmon swim upstream to a spawning area. To get there, they have to swim against very strong currents. Only the strongest complete the journey. What concept is represented in this example?

Survival of the fittest.