Religion
Someone who is knowledgeable in many natural substances for healing of body, mind, soul or community.
What is the medicine man?
22% of the U.S’s Native population of 5.2 million live on these protected areas.
What is a reservation?
There was approximately 600 hundred tribes with diverse cultures/ languages but with unifying qualities like emphasis on family, clan, and village in this location before European occupation.
What is North America?
Strings of beads, most commonly used among native tribes as currency.
What are wampums?
Black Elk, Black Eye, Black Feather, Black Foot, Black Fox, Black Hoop, Black Horn,Black Horse, Black Inside, Black Jumper, Dakota Black Moon, Black Owl Black Prairie Chicken, Black Shield, Dakota, Black Smith, etc. are all examples of traditional Native American names, specifically the origin of this last name of European influence.
What is Black? (One of the characters in this novel is named Edwin Black. Black is not commonly a traditional Native American name)
Estimated to be 300 but is unknown due to native religion being highly localized- making it hard to track especially after the presence of western Europeans.
What is the number of Native American religions present today?
84% of Native American women share this similar experience at some point in their life.
What is violence/ abuse?
This first North American settlement was by English colonists at Roanoke, but it failed due to hostilities between the Natives and English settlers.
What is Jamestown?
A result of the persistent lack of opportunity causing natives to face high unemployment rates and housing crises.
What are Native American poverty rates?
This act of 1887 that allowed Native Americans to have last names and begin to assimilate Native Americans and develop family lineages for land transfers.
What is the The Dawes act of 1887?
A ritual that occurs during the summer where a world-renewal ceremony is held, offering prayers of welfare and for the increase of resources.
What is the Sun Dance?
Native students hold the title of the highest percentage of this action in high school (30%).
What is dropping out?
European settlers desired more land to control as well as efforts to assimilate Natives to European way of life which led to Natives resisting and eventually to all out wars like King Philip's War, all of which can be referred to in more general terms as...
What was the great conflict between Natives and Europeans?
24% of Native Americans out of the 41% of the overall population participate in this advancement.
What is college?
Native Americans were forced to adapt to this European tradition based on their job, names, achievements, and clan/totem.
What is a last name?
(Family names from jobs (e.g. Miller)Family names from places (e.g. Rivera) family names from achievements, attributes, or incidents relating to the person or an ancestor (e.g. Shot with two arrows): Personal and family names from clan or totem (e.g. Black bear) or visions (e.g. Black elk))
A set of rules that outlawed many Native American religious practices to onset assimilation. Breaking this code resulted in consequences such as: withholding of rations or incarceration.
What is the “Code of Indian Offences"?
Native women tend to have an easier time acquiring a job and working outside their reservation, however, native men often feel challenged by the task, resulting in this common family life scenario.
What is an absent father?
This massacre occurred on January 29, 1863 where over 300 Natives were killed by the U.S Army, making it the largest native American Massacre in the U.S.
What is the Bar River Massacre?
Native Americans in these two popular states have a poverty rate of 19.46% and 20.68%.
What is Oklahoma and California?
Brule, Dakota, Hunkpapa, Lakota, Oglala, Sans Arc, Santee, Sioux, Sisseton, Wahpeton are all tribes located in this state.
What is Dakota?
(An origin of the character Opal Victoria Bear Shield's last name)
This symbol represents the web of life and is the bearer of heat and light
What is the symbol of spiders in native medicine?
This popular dance competition among Native Americans has gone on for generations, and continues to be a prominent gathering today.
What is a powwow?
An act passed by President Cleveland which allowed the federal government to break up tribal lands. This was meant to eliminate their tribal way of life and encourage them to farm and own individual plots of land
What was the Dawes Act of 1887?
The Cheyenne traded horses, meat, shirts and leather pouches for guns, powders, and different foods for this necessity.
What is an income?
This last name is the most commonly used among Native Americans in the United States.
What is Smith?