1
A third degree burn destroys these two layers of the skin
What are the dermis and epidermis
Patients with thermal burns require a diet that is high in Q as in this equation Q=mc (Tf-ti) whereas Q consists of a unit of energy equivalent to the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C
What is a high calorie diet
Thermal Burns activate this aspect of the autonomic nervous system leading to higher cardiac output and respiratory rate
What is the sympathetic nervous system
Thermal Burns cause an increase in this type of systemic issue that consists of proteins such as Interleukins
What is systemic inflammation
Someone who is most likely next of kin is ___
Spouse or children
If ones head and neck were affected by thermal burns
This is the percentage of surface area of the body that has been burned
According the NIH burns that are greater than this percentage of surface area require IV fluids
What is 20- 25%
Burn victims are susceptible to P aeruginosa because it thrives in this type of environment
what is a moist environment
Describe the basic process for autologous epidermal grafting
heat and negative pressure are applied toto the donor site to create blisters.
Blister allows epidermis to be harvested and transferred to wounded using non adhering silicone dressing
One of the benefits of drug combination therapy is that it decreases the likelihood of this defense mechanism used by bacteria to fight off pharmacological agents
What is resistance
One notable thing about a third degree burn is that the skin ___ blanch when touched
The skin does not blanch
what is 80 mL
Burns lead to this type of leak which results in edema formation
What is capillary leak
One of the most common combination therapy antibiotics used against P Aeruginosa
is this antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming when he found a this type of mold that inhibited bacterial growth
What is Penicillin (beta lactam)
Penicillin is added with aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone for combination therapy
In thermal burns generally Blood pressure is immediately ___ but later __
BP usually is increased due to catacholamine release but then is decreased due to fluid loss
One contraindication of morphine is in individuals with
What is respiratory depression
I will also accept heart failure which is secondary respiratory depression
This growth factor is involved in fibroblast proliferation which is crucial to remodeling of the ECM
What is TGF B
TGF B 1 and 2 are also acceptable
50% of calculated fluid the first 8 hours
50% of calculated fluid the next 16 hours
This protein is found in high levels of egg white
What is albumin
This type of physical therapy is used improve scar appearance and functional mobility for individuals with 2nd and 3rd degree burns
What is Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
Highest incidence of thermal burns occurs in what age range and group
Young adults 20-29
Give a organization or resource that could be helpful for individuals with Burns
American Burn Association :Advanced Burn Life Support Program
Children's Burn Foundation
Phoenix Society for Burn Survivors
Burn from what is the most frequent type that injures children
What is scald (hot water)
The use of this device has lead to 80% reduction in mortality and 74% decline in injuries from residential fires
What is a smoke detector?
Lifestyle medicine
In pseudomonal aeruginosa burn infections, what color discharge might you see in a patient?
What is a blue-green purulent discharge