Equilibrium
What is the Equilibrium?
What is...when the objects reach the same temperature or average kinetic energy with each other after collision.
Maja puts a hockey puck onto ice. After a while the temperature of the hockey puck decreases. What happens to the molecules of the hockey puck when the temperature of the puck decreases?
What is...The energy of the molecules in the hockey puck decreases.
What is another way to refer to average kinetic energy?
What is...temperature.
Finish the Sentence.
Total Kinetic Energy can also be referred to as...
What is...Thermal Energy
Engineers design computers to cool down quickly so they do not break. What happens to the molecules in a computer when the temperature of the computer decreases?
The energy of the molecules in the computer decreases.
How do objects reach an equilibrium?
What is...Two objects collide and the hotter one transfers kinetic energy to the colder one until the objects have reached the same average kinetic energy or temperature.
Geothermal power plants send water through pipes deep underground where it is hot. This causes the temperature of the water to increase.
What happens to the molecules of the water when the temperature of the water increases?
What is...The energy of the water molecules increases.
In some places, hot water from underground can shoot up into the air through a hole in the ground. When this happens, the ground surrounding the water increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the ground when the temperature of the ground increases?
What is...The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.
How do you find the Total Kinetic Energy of an object or a system?
What is...You add together the energy of all the molecules in the object or system.
Lin cooked a pot of soup, then put half the soup in the freezer for a while. Now the soup in the pot is hot, and the soup in the freezer is cold. What is the difference between the molecules of the soup in the pot and the molecules of the soup in the freezer?
What is...
The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving faster than the molecules of the soup in the freezer.
Outer Carbon Layer
90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90
Inner Carbon Layer
50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
How does the temperature of the outer layer compare with the temperature of the inner layer before the layers touch? What will happen after the layers have been touching for a while?
What is...Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
Jason put an apple on top of an ice pack in his lunch bag. By lunchtime the temperature of his apple had decreased. What happened to the molecules in the apple when the temperature of the apple decreased?
What is...The energy of the molecules in the apple decreased.
Lava is hot liquid rock. When lava flows over solid ground, the solid ground beneath it increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the solid ground when the temperature is increasing?
What is...The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.
Stack 1 Stack 2
Top 20 20 20 20 Top 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Bottom 40 40 40 40 Bottom 40 40 40 40
After they have been touching for a while, which of the two top plastic pieces will be cooler, and why?
What is...The larger top plastic piece will be cooler than the smaller top plastic piece, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.
When two objects collide energy ALWAYS transfers...
What is...Hot to Cold.
Stack 1 Stack 2
Top 7 7 7 7 Top 7 7 7 7
Bottom 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Bottom 3 3 3 3
After the cups have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom cups will be cooler, and why?
What is...The larger bottom cup will be cooler than the smaller bottom cup, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.
30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70
How does the temperature of the top pan compare with the temperature of the bottom pan now, and what will happen after the pans have been touching for a while?
What is...Before the pans touch, the bottom pan is hotter than the top pan. Once the pans are touching, the bottom pan will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler top pan until both pans reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
Top Wooden Cube
6 6 6 6 6 6
Bottom Wooden Cube
14 14 14 14 14 14
How does the temperature of the top cube compare with the temperature of the bottom cube now, and what will happen when the cubes have been touching for a while?
What is...Before the cubes touch, the bottom cube is hotter than the top cube. Once the cubes are touching, the bottom cube will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler top cube until both cubes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
Stack 1 Stack 2
Top 5 5 5 5 Top 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Bottom 25 25 25 25 Bottom 25 25 25 25
After a while, which of the two top containers will be cooler, and why?
What is...The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container, because the energy that transferred to it is spread out over more molecules.
Front Pipe
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Back Pipe
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
How does the temperature of the front pipe compare with the temperature of the back pipe before the pipes touch? What will happen after the pipes have been touching for a while?
What is...Before the pipes touch, the front pipe is hotter than the back pipe. Once the pipes are touching, the front pipe will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler back pipe until both pipes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
Top Chocolate Bar
25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
Bottom Chocolate Bar
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
How does the temperature of the top chocolate bar compare with the temperature of the bottom chocolate bar now, and what will happen after the bars have been touching for a while?
What is...Before the bars touch, the top bar is hotter than the bottom bar. Once the bars are touching, the top bar will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler bottom bar until both bars reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
Top Card
28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Bottom Card
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
How does the temperature of the top card compare with the temperature of the bottom card before the cards touch, and what will happen after the cards have been touching for a while?
What is...Before the cards touch, the top card is hotter than the bottom card. Once the cards are touching, the top card will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler bottom card until both cards reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
Object A Object B
3 2 2 1 12 4
1 2 2 3 2 2
What is the Average Kinetic Energy of each object?
What is...Object A =2 Object B = 5
Stack 1 Stack 2
Top 30 30 30 30 Top 30 30 30 30 30
30 30 30 30
Bottom 50 50 50 50 Bottom 50 50 50 50
After a while, which of the two top solar panels will be cooler, and why?
What is...The larger top panel will be cooler than the smaller top panel, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.
Set A Set B
Top 80 80 80 80 Top 80 80 80 80
Bottom 40 40 40 40 Bottom 40 40 40 40 40
40 40 40 40
After the gears have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom gears will be cooler, and why?
What is...The larger bottom gear will be cooler than the smaller bottom gear, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.