Vocab
What is kinetic energy?
Energy that is moving
Which has a lower average kinetic energy? What are their average kinetic energies?
Sample A: large sample: 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4
Sample B: small sample: 8, 8, 8, 8
Sample A: 4
Sample B: 8
Therefore; Sample A
What type of energy is the following: A ball sitting on a table
Potential Energy
A substance with a high kinetic energy is _____ (hot or cold)
Hot
Which was the better choice of the water heaters for the school? Why was that one better?
Groundwater system. It was larger and the air would get to a higher equilibrium than the other choice.
Name the vocab word... The measure of average kinetic energy of each individual molecule in a substance
Temperature
How do you find the temperature of something?
You find the average- add all the numbers together and then divide by the amount of molecules
When a moving object collides with an object that isn’t moving, what happens to the kinetic energy of each object?
The non-moving object will gain kinetic energy, while the moving object will lose kinetic energy due to the transfer that is occurring.
What happens to molecules at absolute zero?
They do not move
Matter is made up of tiny particles called __________
atoms
What is the Law of Conservation?
Means that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it can only be transformed or transferred from one form to another.
How are temperature and kinetic energy related?
Temperature is how much kinetic energy is inside an object.
A hot tub is at 100 F, a large in-ground pool is at 65 F. Which has a greater average kinetic energy? And Which do you think has the greater total energy?
Average energy: Hot tub
Total energy: Pool
What unit is heat measured by?
Joules
What are the three states of matter discussed in the ice cream experiment? What part of the experiment was representative of each of those three states of matter?
Liquid= milk/heavy cream
Solid: Sugar
Gas: Air trapped in bag
What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy? How can you figure out what the temperature and thermal energy of something is?
Temperature- the measure of average kinetic energy of each individual molecule in a substance. You can find the temp by finding the average. Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of all the molecules in a system added together- you add up all the molecules to find thermal energy.
Which has a higher average kinetic energy? What are their average kinetic energies?
Sample A: large sample: 3, 4, 6, 7, 12, 2, 1, 3, 4
Sample B: small sample: 5, 6, 7, 11, 10, 2, 2, 1, 3
Average of A: 4.7
Average of B: 5.2
THEREFORE: Sample B
Which has a higher total energy? And what is it their total energies?
Sample A: large sample: 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 8, 3, 6
Sample B: small sample: 9, 7, 10, 8, 4
Sample A: 40
Sample B: 38
THEREFORE: Sample A
Will heat flow between two objects touching that have the same temperature?
No - because no heat can be exchanged if they are the same temperature.
What is the difference between a homogenous mixture and a heterogenous mixture?
Heterogenous: Has components that are not evenly distributed. This means that you can easily distinguish between the different components
Homogenous: The components are evenly distributed throughout and the mixture has a uniform appearance. You shouldn’t be able to pick out the individual components.
What is the vocab word? The energy of a body or a system with respect to the position of the body or the arrangement of the particles of the system.
Potential Energy
Which has a higher average kinetic energy? What are their average kinetic energies?
Sample A: large sample: 1, 3, 4, 6, 6, 9, 3
Sample B: small sample: 5, 4, 7, 9, 8
Sample A: 4.5
Sample B: 6.6
Therefore; sample B has a higher average kinetic energy
What are 4 ways that energy can be transferred?
Mechanically- by the action of a force
Electrically- By an electrical current
By radiation- By light waves or sound waves
By heating- By conduction, convection, or radiation
What are the three types of heat transfer?
Convection, Conduction, Radiation
Give an example of an endothermic reaction and an exothermic reaction
Endothermic = heat is absorbed, exo = heat is released