Thermal energy, temperature, and heat
What two types of energy add up to create thermal energy?
Kinetic energy plus potential energy create thermal energy
What is radiation?
The transfer of thermal energy from one material to another by another by electromagnetic waves
Provide three types of heating appliances
Curling irons, coffeemakers, clothes irons
The sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles that make up a material
Thermal energy
What is the movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object?
Heat
Provide 2 examples of a thermal conductor and a thermal insulator
Thermal insulator-glass,plastic, and styrofoam
Thermal conductor- diamond, graphite, metals
Why does a cell phone get warm when using it?
Some electric energy is converted to thermal energy. This thermal energy is not used by the device.
The average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a material
Temperature
What three scales are used to measure temperature?
Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin
What is the difference between radiation and conduction?
Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves where conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through the physical touching of particles
What is a refrigerator?
A device that uses electric energy to transfer thermal energy from a cooler location to a warmer location
What type of device regulates the temperature of a system
Thermostat
If you decrease the kinetic energy of particles, what will happen to the temperature of the material? Explain why
If you decrease the amount of kinetic energy the temperature will decrease. When the particles slow down there will be less collisions thus lowering the temperature
Explain why at different parts of the year the Eiffel Tower is different heights
During the summer the tower will expand because the heat expands the particles in the metal. In the winter the tower will decrease because the particles are not moving as fast
What is a substance that evaporates at a low temperature?
Coolant
A machine that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy
Heat engine
If you increase the kinetic energy of particles what will happen to the temperature of a material? Explain why
Increasing the kinetic energy will increase the temperature of the material. The faster the particles are moving the higher the temperature will get
Explain how a hot-air balloon works
The kinetic energy of the helium particles is heated up. This causes the balloon to rise. As the particles cool down the balloon will lower to the ground.
What are the steps of a piston moving in a cylinder in a car? 4 total steps
1. Intake valve opens as the piston moves downward
2. Intake valve closes as piston rises. This creates pressure to the air fuel mixture
3. Pressure causes a mini explosion pushing piston down
4. Piston comes back up and the pressure pushes out exhaust
The amount of thermal energy required to increase the temperature of 1Kg of a material by 1C
Specific heat