States of Matter
What are the four states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
Describe the particles of a liquid.
Particles are free to move past one another.
What is sublimation?
The change of state from a solid to a gas without going through the liquid state.
What is the difference between kinetic and potential energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy an object or particle has because it is moving. Potential energy is stored energy.
What is an example of plasma?
Lightning or stars
Describe a solid's shape and volume.
Definite shape and definite volume.
Describe a gas's shape and volume.
No definite shape or volume.
What is deposition?
The change of state of a gas to a solid without going through the liquid state.
As speed increases, does kinetic energy increase or decrease?
Increase
What are the three things you can use to describe matter?
Mass, volume, and density.
Describe the particles in a solid.
Particles are packed tightly and they vibrate in place.
Describe the particles in a gas.
Particles are far apart and move freely.
Once a solid reaches its melting point, what happens to its temperature and potential energy?
Temperature remains constant and potential energy increases.
As the distance between particles increases, does potential energy increase or decrease?
Increase
What is the equation for density?
mass/volume
What are the two types of solids?
Crystalline and amorphous
Does the attractive force between particles increase or decrease as temperature increases?
Once a solid becomes a gas, what happens to its temperature and potential energy?
Temperature increases and potential energy changes little.
What is thermal energy?
The sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles that make up a material.
What is viscosity?
A measurement of a liquid's resistance to flow.
Describe a liquid's shape and volume.
Definite volume but no definite shape.
What is vapor?
The gas state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid at room temperature.
What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?
Boiling is vaporization that occurs within a liquid and evaporation is vaporization that occurs only at the surface of a liquid.
What is temperature?
The average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a material.
What is absolute zero?
The particles in the material would not be moving and would have no kinetic energy.