States of Matter
Name the 3 common states of matter
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Temperature is a measurement of average _________________.
Kinetic Energy
Name the two important components of thermal energy:
Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy
A property that describes how quickly thermal energy spreads through a substance.
Thermal conductivity
Heat capacity is the property of a substance that describes how much __________________ is needed to change its temperature.
thermal energy
True of False: Water can only exist as either liquid or solid (ice)
False (steam is a gas)
A hot beverage is placed on a cold countertop, transferring thermal energy to the countertop. This is an example of ____________.
Heat
Kinetic energy is the energy of _______________ of the particles in a substance.
motion
You place one hand on the table and one hand on a metal coin. The coin feels colder than the table. Which one has a higher thermal conductivity?
The coin.
True or False: Gold has a higher heat capacity than aluminum?
False.
Which state of matter has the most kinetic energy?
Gas
When heat is transferred from a substance, what happens to the kinetic energy of the particles of that substance?
It decreases.
The transfer of energy from one particle of matter to another within an object or between two objects that are in direct contact.
Conduction
Materials that do not conduct heat well are called
thermal insulators
The sun shines on the beach, transferring equal amount of energy to the sand and to the water. Would the sand and the water have the same temperature?
No.
Which state of matter as the strongest interactions between particles?
Solid
Heat is transferred from your hand to the table. The temperature of your hand _______________.
The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
Radiation
What do you predict would conduct heat better, a dry sweater or a sweater that is soaking wet?
The wet sweater (water is a thermal conductor)
Which has a higher heat capacity, sand or water?
Water
Which state of matter has the least energy?
Solid
True or False: Heat and temperature are basically the same thing!
False!
Ocean currents allow warmer water to transport energy through the flow within the liquid. This is an example of
convection.
If something has a high thermal conductivity, does that mean it has a high temperature?
No. Thermal conductivity is about how quickly thermal energy spreads. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles.
Scientists invent a liquid substance that has very strong interactions between the particles that make up the substance. Do you predict the heat capacity would be large or small?
Large, lots of potential energy could be stored in the interactions.