In General
The transfer of thermal energy is called:
Heat
True or false: Anything that has matter has molecules
True
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Name the three types of heat transfer
Conduction, convection, radiation
A type of material that readily and easily transfers heat is called a
Conductor
True or false: Heat is energy
True - it is thermal energy
When thermal energy is added to molecules they move:
Faster
The state of matter that has the least amount of thermal energy
Solid
This type of heat transfer is is when thermal energy is transferred through direct touch
Conduction
Give one example of a conductor
Metal, Steel, Aluminum foil
Heat affects the ________ in a substance, causing them to vibrate more quickly or more slowly
molecules
When you remove heat, do the molecules start to move slower, or faster?
The molecules begin to move slower.
Adding thermal energy to a liquid causes a phase change to a ______.
Gas
In this type of heat transfer, thermal energy is transferred through space
Radiation
Why is an insulator good at keeping in heat?
Because an insulator slows the transfer of thermal energy. It contains the heat conducts heat very slowly
Which two states of matter does convection occur in?
Liquids and gas or air and water
Give one example of a phase change where a solid turns into a liquid
An ice cream cone melting or any example that starts as a solid and then becomes a liquid. Ice turning into water is another example.
Describe the motion of molecules in a solid when heat is added
When heat is added to a solid, the molecules move faster and spread around more
Explain how a pan being heated on the stove is an example of conduction
The pan is directly touching the stove
You are roasting marshmallows over a firepit. Which type of heat transfer is heating your marshmallows?
What might you use to roast your marshmallows and why?
Radiation
You could use a stick (wood) because it is an insulator. If you used a conductor, the heat from the fire may be conducted to your hand quickly
When water molecules are heated, they rise to the surface. Why is this?
They rise to the surface because they are less dense. They lose density.
Explain the movement of molecules in the process of convection.
Cool molecules are heated by the heat source. As they warm, they rise. They reach the top, then cool. As they cool, the molecules sink to the bottom to be heated again. The cycle repeats
1. Is thermal energy is lost or gained when you go from an ice cube to water?
2. Name the state change
3. Name the phase change
1. Thermal energy is gained
2. State change is a solid to a liquid
3. Phase change is melting
List the following 4 steps of convection starting with
1. Cool molecules are warmed by the heat source
2. warm molecules rise
3. Molecules reach the top and start to cool
4. Cool molecules sink
5. Cool molecules are heated by the source
Imagine you live in the desert. What could you use to build your roof and why would you choose those materials?
You could use a reflective material for the roof like metal. These roofs have reflective surfaces that help by reflecting a significant amount of heat. The reflective properties of metal roofs make them highly effective in keeping homes cool during hot summer months.