Particles
What happens to particles when thermal energy is added?
Particles move faster.
In which direction does thermal energy always move?
From hot to cold.
What term describes how hot or cold an object is?
Temperature
What type of heat transfer occurs through direct contact?
Conduction
Why does a metal slide feel hotter than the air on a sunny day?
The slide absorbs thermal energy from the Sun through radiation.
What happens to particles when thermal energy is removed?
Particles move slower.
Show the direction of energy between 100o and 30o weather.
100o -------> 30o
What type of energy is related to the motion of particles?
Kinetic energy
What type of heat transfer occurs in liquids and gases?
Convection
What is the circular movement of particles during convection called?
Convection currents
How does particle spacing change as temperature increases?
Particles spread farther apart.
Show the direction of energy between a table and an ice cube?
Table -----> Ice Cube
What term describes the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance?
Temperature
What type of heat transfer does not require matter?
Radiation
Why do dark-colored objects get hotter easier in the sun?
Dark colors absorb more radiation.
Why do particles move faster in a gas than in a solid?
There is more energy.
When does thermal energy stop transferring between two objects?
The objects reach the same temperature.
What do we call the point when two objects reach the same temperature?
Thermal equilibrium
What heat transfer explains why a metal spoon gets hot in boiling water?
Conduction
Why does steam rise above boiling water?
The warm water vapor is less dense and rises due to convection.
What happens to the temperature when particles start to slow down?
Decreases
What causes warm air to rise and cool air to sink?
Warm air is less dense and cool air is more dense.
Why does an increase in kinetic energy cause temperature to increase
Particles move faster, raising the average kinetic energy
What heat transfer explains how energy from the Sun reaches Earth?
Radiation
How do conduction, convection, and radiation work together to heat a house?
Radiation warms surfaces, conduction transfers heat through materials, and convection moves warm air around the house