Thermal Energy
Thermal energy transfers from ______ objects to ______ objects.
Hot to cold
When conducting an experiment, the thing that is kept constant or unchanged (stayed the same) during the experiment is the _____.
Control
_____ refers to what you want your design to do to be successful (like to have/should have)
Criteria
Making small, gradual changes or updates to a product based on insights from previous changes and testing them against predefined baseline metrics.
Iterative Testing
Identify what the independent variable would be in the following example. You are conducting an experiment to determine if using more fertilizer will help a plant grow bigger?
Independent variable = the amount of fertilizer used
The more matter something has the more or less thermal energy it has.
More
When conducting an experiment, the change that occurred (what was changed in the experiment) is called the _____ _____.
Independent Variable
_____ is the limitations of the experiment (must have/only)
Constraint
Optimization
Identify what the dependent variable would be in the following example. You are conducting an experiment to determine if using more fertilizer will help a plant grow bigger?
Dependent Variable = how much the plant grew (ex: height of plant)
Which of the following has more thermal energy: a melting chocolate bar or a solid chocolate bar.
Melting chocolate
When conducting an experiment, the result of the change or the effect of the change (measured outcome) is called the _____ _____.
Dependent Variable
You must use recyclable material, is this an example of a criteria or constraint.
Constraint
Imagine are boiling a pot of water on the stove. As the temperature of the water increases, the molecules in the water begin to move ______.
Faster/fast
Identify what a control would be in the following example. You are conducting an experiment to determine if using more fertilizer will help a plant grow bigger?
-Same amount of sunlight
-Same amount of water
-Same amount of soil
-Same type of plant
Identify which has a greater amount of thermal energy, a semi-truck or a pencil?
The semi-truck has more thermal energy because it has a greater mass.
_____ is the range of conditions over which a model or experimental setup provides useful data or explanations.
Limitations
Your pizza box should keep the pizza warm, is this an example of a criteria or a constraint?
Criteria
Imagine are putting a cup of water into the freezer to make ice. As the temperature of the water decreases, the molecules in the water begin to move ______.
Slower/slow
Identify the Independent Variable in the following example: Rob waxes floors. He wants to test a new brand of floor wax called Squeaky Clean. Rob waxes 20 floor tiles with Squeaky Clean and 20 tiles with the original wax brand. After one week he counts the number of scratches on the floor.
Independent Variable = Brand of floor wax
Which state of matter has the highest amount of thermal energy? (hint: think about the molecule and how they move in each state)
Gas
When conducting an experiment, a scientist always makes a prediction (educated guess) on what will happen during the experiment. In science, we call this a ______.
Hypothesis
Imagine you want to buy a car but you don't have enough money to purchase the car. What would be the constraint (holding you back) in this example?
Money
Imagine are boiling a pot of water on the stove. As the temperature of the water increases, the kinetic energy of the water ______ as well.
increases
Identify the dependent Variable in the following example: Rob waxes floors. He wants to test a new brand of floor wax called Squeaky Clean. Rob waxes 20 floor tiles with Squeaky Clean and 20 tiles with the original wax brand. After one week he counts the number of scratches on the floor.
Dependent Variable = Number of floor scratches