Convection
What is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids?
What is convection?
What is the transfer of heat through direct contact?
What is conduction?
What is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves?
What is radiation?
What is a system that exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings?
What is a closed system?
What is a system that exchanges both matter and energy with its surroundings?
What is an open system?
What causes convection currents in the atmosphere?
What is the rising of warm air and sinking of cool air?
.Why does a metal spoon in hot soup get hot?
Because metal is a good conductor of heat.
What type of radiation from the sun causes sunburn?
What is ultraviolet (UV) radiation?
Is a sealed water bottle an open or closed system?
What is a closed system?
Is a boiling pot of water an open or closed system?
What is an open system?
Why does a hot air balloon rise?
Because heated air inside the balloon becomes less dense than the surrounding air.
Why are wooden handles used for cooking pots?
Because wood is a poor conductor of heat.
Why can heat from the sun reach Earth, even though space is a vacuum?
Because radiation does not require a medium to transfer energy.
Why does the total mass remain constant in a closed system?
Because no matter enters or exits the system.
How does an open system affect the total mass inside it?
Mass can enter or leave, so it changes over time.
What is an example of convection in the ocean?
What are ocean currents?
What is the scientific term for materials that resist conduction?
What are insulators?
Which color absorbs more radiation, black or white?
What is black?
How does Earth act as a closed system?
It exchanges energy (like sunlight) but not significant amounts of matter with space.
Why is the human body considered an open system?
Because it takes in food (matter) and releases heat and waste (energy and matter).
Why does convection not occur in solids?
Because particles in solids do not move freely like in liquids and gases.
Why does conduction happen faster in metals than in plastics?
Because metals have free-moving electrons that transfer heat quickly.
What type of radiation has the highest energy and can be harmful to humans?
What are gamma rays?
What happens to energy in a closed system over time, according to the second law of thermodynamics?
It tends to spread out and increase in entropy (disorder).
How does an open system differ from an isolated system?
An open system exchanges both matter and energy, while an isolated system exchanges neither.