On the macroscopic scale, this is the measure of how warm a substance is.
What is temperature?
100
Heat is defined as thermal energy which has done this.
What is has been transferred from one object to another?
100
These are the three methods by which thermal energy can be transferred among objects.
What are conduction, convection, and radiation?
100
This is the phase of matter in which particles (molecules or atoms) are close together and are fairly free to move around.
What is the liquid phase?
100
Of these two, this is the radiation with the longer wavelength: radio waves or ultraviolet radiation.
What is radio waves?
200
Translational motion is motion in this kind of lines.
What is straight?
200
The sparks emitted by a sparkler are very hot, but the sparks don't burn you because each spark has only a little bit of this to transfer to your hand.
What is thermal energy?
200
Conduction typically only occurs in materials when they are in one of these two phases.
What is the solid phase or the liquid phase?
200
When a substance is converted directly from a solid to a gas, it undergoes this kind of phase change.
What is sublimation?
200
This is the kind of electromagnetic radiation that can be seen by the human eye.
What is visible light (radiation)?
300
This is the freezing point of fresh water on the Kelvin scale.
What is 273 Kelvin?
300
4,180 Joules is the same as this number of Calories (food calories).
What is 1 Calorie?
300
Conduction usually involves collisions of this kind of subatomic particle.
What is the electron?
300
A liquid must absorb heat if it is to change to this phase.
What is the gaseous phase?
300
Electromagnetic radiation is the same as this stuff which is emitted by your household lamps.
What is light?
400
This is the temperature at which all available energy has been removed from a substance.
What is absolute zero (zero Kelvin, -273 degrees Celsius, or -460 degrees Fahrenheit)?
400
Thermal energy is this kind of quantity.
What is a scalar quantity?
400
Convection only occurs in this kind of substance.
What is a fluid (liquids AND gases)?
400
Because water undergoes an interesting kind of thermal expansion, as it freezes, it does this.
What is expands?
400
As the wavelength of light gets larger, the frequency of the light does this.
What is gets smaller?
500
The temperature of a substance is related to the average of this kind of kinetic energy of the particles in the substance.
What is translational?
500
This is the direction of the flow of thermal energy (heat).
What is from high temperature to low temperature?
500
This is the only kind of heat transfer which can occur in a vacuum.
What is radiation?
500
Matter in this state has an indefinite volume and indefinite shape because the particles which make it up are far apart and free to move.
What is the gaseous state?
500
This is the speed of light using the proper SI units.