Vocabulary
A chemical reaction that releases energy by light or heat.
what is an example of an endothermic raction? a. evaporating water b.making ice cubes c. fireflies
a. evaporating water
In the equation Q=mc∆T, which variable represents the amount of heat transferred?
Q
This energy is stored in objects due to their position, like a rock on a hill.
Potential energy
What is created when two continental crusts converge?
A mountain
What is a Catalyst?
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering its activation energy.
what is an example of an exothermic reaction? a. fireflies b. baking a cake c. popping a cold pack
a. fireflies
What does each variable stand for in the formula: Q=mc∆T?
Q- heat energy m- mass c- specific heat ∆T-change in temperature (Tf-Ti)
This type of heat transfer occurs when heat is transferred through direct contact between particles in a solid.
conduction
What is created when two oceanic crusts diverge?
A ridge
What is the Activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur?
In an exothermic reaction, the energy of the products is ________ than the energy of the reactant.
Lower
How much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of 55.0g of water from 25.0 degrees C to 28.6 degrees C if the specific heat of water is 4.18J/g degrees C?
q = 827.64 J
In a pot of boiling water, the heat rises through liquid as warm water moves upward, and cold water moves downward in a circular motion. This is an example of which type of heat transfer?
Convection
How do scientists know about the structure of the interior layers of the earth?
Earthquake and seismic data.
What is bond energy?
The amount of energy needed to break a single chemical bond between two atoms in a molecule?
When a reaction of sulfur and oxygen produces sulfur dioxide (SO2), heat is released. This is an example of which type of reaction?
exothermic reaction
If 200 grams of water absorbs 1000 calories of heat and the temperature increases by 5 degrees C, what is the specific heat capacity of the water?
1 cal/(g*C)
When a light bulb converts electrical energy into light and heat, it is an example of what type of energy conversion?
Electrical to light and thermal energy
What is created when an oceanic and continental crust converge?
A trench
What is a reversible reaction?
A chemical process in which reactants can transform into products, and products can revert to reactants
In an endothermic reaction, the system absorbs energy from the surroundings, which results in a ________ in temperature of the surroundings?
decrease
A 500 g piece of iron absorbs 2500 Joules of heat, raising its temperature by 10 degrees C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of iron.
0.50 J/gC
When you feel the warmth of a fire from a distance without touching it, you are experiencing what type of heat transfer.
radiation
What is the primary source of heat that drives mantle convection?
a. Radioactive decay b. Radiation from the sun c. Friction from tectonic plate movement d. Pressure from inside the core.
a. Radioactive decay