Heat & Temperature
The average amount of kinetic energy per particle contained in an object is the object's __________
Temperature
Name the three states of matter, in order from HIGHEST to LOWEST temperature.
Gas, liquid, solid.
The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of ________________.
The law of conservation of energy.
Which law states that Pressure and Volume are inversely proportional if temperature is held constant?
Boyle's Law
What happens to the volume of solids, liquids, and gases as the temperature increases?
Increases
_________ is the amount of energy transferred between objects due to a temperature difference.
Heat
The melting/freezing point of water is ____ degrees Celsius, and the boiling point is ______ degrees Celsius.
0, 100
If a system becomes more disordered, entropy _______.
Increases
Which law states that if pressure is held constant, then Volume and Temperature are directly proportional?
Charles's law
What is one reason that thermal expansion must be considered in the field of engineering?
answers will vary
Which temperature scale can never be negative?
Kelvin Scale
Heat of Fusion is the amount of energy needed to _____ or _______ a substance.
Melt, freeze
A heat engine converts ______ energy into _____ energy.
Thermal (or heat), mechanical
0 degrees Celsius is equal to _____ Kelvin.
273
(or 273.15)
Bimetallic strips, used as adjustable switches in devices such as thermostats, consist of metallic strips that have different _______.
Thermal expansion coefficients
Rates of expansion
Coefficients of expansion
Etc
Define specific heat.
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one unit of mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.
Heat of Vaporization is the amount of energy needed to _____ or ______ a substance.
Condense, Vaporize
The second law of thermodynamics deals with entropy. What is entropy?
A measure of the dispersal of energy (or disorder) of a system.
If you squeeze a balloon to one quarter of its original volume, the pressure inside will _______ by a factor of _________.
increase, four
What three values do you need to calculate the linear expansion of a solid?
Original length, coefficient of thermal expansion, and the temperature change
Objects that are in thermal contact with each other and reach the same temperature are in ________.
Thermal equilibrium
When heat is added to water at its boiling point, what will happen to the temperature of the water?
it will remain the same
What is the third law of thermodynamics?
No system can reach absolute zero.
If the temperature of a gas is doubled, the volume will _____ by a factor of _______.
increase, 2
The coefficient of volume expansion is typically ____ times as large as the coefficient of linear expansion.
3