Laws of Thermodynamics
This law explains why no process is 100% efficient.
What is the Second Law?
The average kinetic energy of particles.
What is temperature?
In calorimetry, these two must be identified to interpret heat flow.
What is system and surroundings?
In q = mcΔT, this represents mass.
What is m?
Reaction that absorbs heat.
What is endothermic?
Measure of disorder in a system.
What is entropy (S)?
As temperature approaches 0 K, this happens to molecular motion.
What is it nearly stops?
The unit commonly used for heat in chemistry.
What is joules (J)?
A positive q value means this happened.
What is heat absorbed?
ΔT is calculated by this formula.
What is Tf – Ti?
Sign of ΔH for endothermic reactions.
What is positive?
Substance’s ability to absorb heat.
What is specific heat?
This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
What is the First Law?
The flow of thermal energy.
What is heat?
Device used to measure heat transfer.
What is a calorimeter?
The equation used to calculate heat transfer.
What is q = mcΔT?
Reaction that releases heat.
What is exothermic?
Heat content of a system.
What is enthalpy (H)?
This law relates to thermal equilibrium between objects.
What is the Zeroth Law?
Energy due to particle motion within a substance.
What is thermal energy?
Temperature change is usually measured in this part.
What are the surroundings?
In q = mcΔT, this represents specific heat.
What is c?
Sign of ΔH for exothermic reactions.
What is negative?
Balanced equation that includes ΔH.
What is a thermochemical equation?
Engines losing energy as heat is an example of this concept.
What is increasing entropy (Second Law)?
The difference between heat and temperature.
What is heat = energy transfer, temperature = average kinetic energy?
A negative q value indicates this.
What is heat released?
If temperature increases, q is this sign.
What is positive?
Feeling cold from evaporation is this type of process.
What is endothermic?
Energy change in a reaction.
What is ΔH?