Conservation of Energy
Which Law of Thermodynamics invalidates perpetual motion machines?
1st Law of Thermodynamics
Heat spontaneously flows from ______ to _______.
Hot to cold
Which has the most entropy?
Solid, liquid, gas
Gas
Give an example of work turning into heat.
Friction
How fast does radiation heat travel through space?
The speed of light. (Sunlight, for example)
Name at least three different forms of energy (NOT heat and work).
Kinetic, potential, thermal, acoustic, electrical, etc.
What is the 0th Law of Thermodynamics?
If A is in thermal equilibrium with B, and B is in thermal equilibrium with C, then A is in thermal equilibrium with C.
Absolute zero
When a car brakes, it converts kinetic energy into _________.
Thermal energy / energy is lost to heat.
Name an animal alive today that can deflect bullets.
An armadillo.
A battery begins with 200 J of energy. 10 J of energy is lost through heat. The battery ends with 20 J of energy. How much work did the battery output?
170 joules of work.
Temperature measures the average ______ of all the molecules in an object/system.
Kinetic Energy
Which egg has highest entropy?
1: Scrambled egg
2: Poached egg
3: Boiled egg
Scrambled eggs
What happens to the volume of an object when heat is applied to it?
The object expands (thermal expansion).
SABOTAGE:
The group who chose this prompt gets to choose a group to answer the following question. If they get it wrong, they lose 300 points. If they get it right, they get 300 points.
What part of their body do monarch butterflies use to taste things?
A 1500 kg car is traveling at 30 m/s and is brought to rest. How much energy was lost to friction/heat?
All the kinetic energy is lost to heat.
KE = 675000 J = Q
Two objects are in __________ when there is no net heat transfer between them.
Thermal equilibrium
What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?
Total entropy of an isolated system always increases
Which Law of Thermodynamics dictates that no machine can ever be 100% efficient?
The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Up to what speed, roughly, can a sneeze travel?
A 1 kg ball is dropped from rest from a height of 2 meters. It bounces back up to a maximum height of 1.5 meters. How much energy was lost? Use g = 10 m/s2.
5 joules of energy
You place a black stone and transparent glass in the oven at 400 degrees F for a LONG time. Which object will be hotter at the end?
Both will be the same temperature
A refrigerator cools things down, which reduces entropy in the refrigerator. How does this not violate the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?
Even though entropy decreases in the fridge, more entropy is generated by moving the heat out of the fridge.
Give an example of heat being turned into useful work.
Steam engines burn fuel that causes steam to expand, which moves pistons that do work.
As a group, come up with a poem about physics where each group member recites one line each. Every line must rhyme.
Answers may vary