basics of thermodynamics
the transfer of liquid to gas; the opposite of condensation
what is evaporation?
these body parts have a high surface area to mass ratio
what are hands and feet?
this is the temp at which shivering stops
what is 28 degrees celcius?
this rule states the time you have to save yourself from hypothermia in water
what is 1-10-1?
heat emitted from the surface of an object
what is radiation
these are the determinants of thermal efficiency
what is skins ability to control blood flow and body fat
a continued drop in core temperature after removal from cold exposure.
what is afterdrop?
decrease in manual dexterity, force output, and contraction speed result from ...
what is cold exposure?
the spontaneous transfer of thermal energy through matter, from hot to cold
what is conduction?
normal skin blood flow and heat dissapation
what is 250mL/min ; 85-95kcal/hour
these are the reasons for death with afterdrop (2)
what is decreased blood pressure ; cold moving in towards heart?
this mechanism weakens with cooling cause decreased cell excitability
what is the Na/K pump?
this law of thermodynamics staes that energy cannot be created or destroyed
what is first?
this controls skins heat loss during acute quick temp changes
what is the spinal cord?
this type of fatigue is cause by depletion of creatine phosphate stores and an accumulation of hydrogen ions
this type of fatigue is cause by failure of motor neuron to innervate fiber, failure at neuromuscular junction, failure of contractile mechanism, or failure in CNS
what is central?
this law of thermodynamics states that heat travels from hot to cold
what is second?
this mechanism allows arteries to flow directly into vein bypassing capillaries
keeps blood away from skin and pushes it to deep vessels for core temp
what is arteriovenous anastomosis?
this determines the effectiveness of warming and cooling (4)
what is body surface area ; temp of medium ; type of medium ; insulation
this phenomenon results from: decrease in the maximal rate of ATP hydrolysis, increased actin and myosin attachment time, decrease in maximum velocity of fiber shortening, decrease in overall calcium kinetics
what is contractile failure hypothermia?