Burton, Merton, & others
Clare of Assisi was born to this social class of landed nobility.
Who are the maiores?
Jesus used this practice to overcome social divisions and bring about reconciliation among people—such as when he invited Zacchaeus, the notorious tax collector, to share a meal with him.
What is table fellowship?
This region, referring to the countryside, is where Francis and his brothers took up residence.
What is the contado?
Francis and the brothers frequently preached this, which is a call to distance oneself from thoughts and actions that divide and rupture the bonds of relationship among creatures.
What is penance?
Traveling to Rome under the direction of Bernard of Quintavalle, the brothers receive permission for their propositum vitae in this year.
What is 1209?
Jesus's kingdom of God ministry offered this to people who were suffering and oppressed.
What is healing and liberation?
The fact that Jesus was crucified indicates that this group was involved in Jesus's death, since crucifixion was a form of punishment used primarily by that group.
What is the Roman empire?
This phrase, meaning "non-possession," is a central feature of the Franciscan charism.
What is sine proprio?
Instead a lowly view of one's own important or significance, a properly Franciscan view of this idea involves placing oneself at the sides of the lowest and most vulnerable members of society.
What is humility?
In a dramatic, midnight escape during Palm Sunday of this year, Clare leaves her family and becomes the first female companion of Francis and the brothers.
What is 1212?
"This particular tree will give glory to God by spreading out its roots in the earth and raising its branches into the air and the light in a way that no other tree before or after it ever did or will do," says Merton, commenting on this feature of the tree.
What is its individuality?
This event in European history led to more crops, which meant more people and bigger cities.
What is the Agrarian Revolution?
This document allowed Clare's community at San Damiano to live according to absolute poverty, rather than the modified poverty Cardinal Hugolino tried to impose.
What is the Privilegium paupertatis?
The core insight of Francis's life—that all things have been brought into existence by the same God and so share bonds of kinship with one another—can be described with this phrase.
What is universal fraternity of creatures?
After years of imprisonment and bedrest Francis encounters a leper, setting his life on an all-new trajectory in this year.
What is 1205?
In contrast to her mother, who thinks a student of theology must have faith, Tara Isabella Burton argues that the student of theology must instead have this.
What is empathy?
This event in European history brought about the decline of the feudal system, as merchants gained more economic and political power.
What is the Commercial Revolution?
While Jacques de Vitry gets a lot right in his observations of the early Franciscan movement, he is wrong to classify the early Franciscans as part of this religious movement modeled on the early church.
What is the vita apostolica?
Francis and the brothers lived a life of this by using the resources of creation justly, so that all might have access to what they need.
What is poverty?
Following the brothers' first chapter meeting, held in this year, Francis sends the brothers out on preaching missions to regions of Europe beyond the Italian peninsula.
What is 1217?
To call theology the "Queen of the Humanities" is to emphasize how it draws upon a variety of fields in its work: history, philosophy, textual studies, and literary interpretation, among others. In other words, theology is this.
What is interdisciplinary?
When Francis and the brothers traveled to Rome in the early days of their movement, they met with and received permission from this pope.
Who is Pope Innocent III?
This document, written around the year 1210, was the first to refer to the nobility of Assisi as the maiores and the middle class as the minores.
What is the Carta franchitatis?
The idea that God has given the goods of the earth to all creatures, such that the goods of the earth are meant to provide not merely for a few but for all, is called this.
What is the universal destination of goods?
Cardinal Hugolino assumes responsibility for communities of religious women in northern and central Italy in this year.
What is 1219?