When we make decisions based on emotional reasoning rather than rational reasoning.
What is the affect heuristic?
100
The measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes.
What are psychometrics?
100
The capacity to recall information and interpret it appropriately while working through a problem.
What is working memory?
100
In 1921, this psychologist began a log-running study to understand the relationship between achievement and IQ.
Who is Louis Terman?
200
Enabled by subconscious processes, this method of getting things done can often make tasks take longer and be hazardous to your safety.
What is multitasking?
200
For example, if someone told you that a medical treatment had a 90% success rate instead of saying it had a 10% chance of not working.
What is the framing effect?
200
People who have a lot of this tend to disagree on what the real definition of "this" is.
What is intelligence?
200
Studies show that the kind of intelligence measured by IQ tests is at least partially due to this behavioral-genetic statistical concept.
What is heritability?
200
This psychologist studied Clever Hans, a horse believed to possess special mathematical abilities, and demonstrated the concept of anthropomorphism, or the false attribution of human qualities to non-human beings.
Who is Oskar Pfungst?
300
These mental models represent networks of knowledge, associations, beliefs, and expectations around any aspect of the social or natural environment, including gender and culture, for example.
What are cognitive schemas?
300
Often studied by behavioral economists to understand why people make certain irrational money-related decisions.
What is the fairness bias?
300
This type of intelligence is not dependent on education, rather on a more inherent capacity to reason and problem solve.
What is fluid intelligence?
300
Analytical, creative, and practical are three different types of intelligence that make up this theory by psychologist Robert Sternberg.
What is the triarchic theory of intelligence?
300
This 19th century psychologist devised the first widely used intelligence test, mostly used to measure children's mental development relative to one another.
Who is Alfred Binet?
400
How John expanded his English vocabulary over the years, but is completely unaware of how he learned the meanings of certain complex words.
What is implicit learning?
400
Climate change deniers illustrate this kind of reasoning when they insist that reliable scientific evidence is not true.
What is cognitive dissonance?
400
This type of intelligence does not decline with age, rather it is based on specific knowledge acquired throughout life.
What is cystallized intelligence?
400
You might have a high g factor but that does not mean you have a lot of this, which is the ability to accurately read nonverbal signals or interpret emotions.
What is emotional intelligence?
400
Author of Thinking, Fast and Slow, a psychology book exploring how different types of thinking should be used in different types of decision making.
Who is Daniel Kahneman?
500
When there is no one correct outcome, you might create a few of these to help guide your decision making.
What are heuristics?
500
Creating a pros and cons list might be an example of this.
What is dialectical reasoning?
500
This anxiety among some intelligence test-takers that is a self-fulfilling prophecy of sorts.
What is the stereotype threat?
500
This set of values can have a significant impact on achievement regardless of IQ.
What are cultural values?
500
Through their research, these two psychologists identified the cognitive stages involved in developing critical thinking abilities.