Memory
The three memory processes.
What are encoding, storage, and retrieval?
This is when new information makes it difficult to recall old information.
What is retroactive interference?
A mental shortcut used so solve problems quickly (not always accurately).
What is a heuristic?
You only search for and remember information that proves you are right.
What is confirmation bias?
Why would a hiring manager be wary of a 130 IQ score as the only proof of a candidate's intelligence?
IQ does not show practical, emotional, or other types of ability.
This type of memory is temporary storage that can hold about 7 items for 10 seconds or so.
What is short term memory (or working memory)?
Memories of past experiences or life events (e.g. 1st birthday party).
What is episodic memory?
This 3-part theory includes creative, analytic, and practical intelligence.
What is Sternberg's Triarchic Theory?
When you say 'I knew it all along' AFTER it happened.
What is hindsight bias?
How would chunking help you memories all the bones of the body?
It organizes them into smaller groups that fit the limits of short term memory.
This term describes memory for skills or actions, and does not require conscious thought to recall them.
What is implicit (or procedural) memory?
A type of amnesia where a person can remember their childhood, but cannot remember the name of the person they just met.
What is anterograde amnesia?
This theory includes 8 (or 9 recently) different categories of intelligence.
What is Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences?
Overestimating the likelihood of an airplane crash because it's been in the news a lot lately.
What is availability heuristic?
The tendency to remember the first and last items on a list.
What is serial position effect?
This brain structure puts information into long term memory.
What is the hippocampus?
This is memory of all the information you've accumulated throughout life (e.g. facts you learned in school).
What is semantic memory?
This term describes the "best example" of a concept (e.g. your standard for the category "dog" is a Golden Retriever).
What is a prototype?
The tendency for people to believe they are above average in areas where they are actually below average.
What is Dunning-Kruger effect?
This type of memory is essentially limitless, and stores information across a person's entire life.
What is long term memory?
This is the process of connecting new info to things you already know to make it stick better in your memory.
What is elaborative rehearsal?
This part of the brain stores emotions associated with events.
What is the amygdala?
This type of thinking is "out of the box", e.g. coming up with a bunch of different solutions to one problem.
What is divergent thinking?
A detective assumes a crime was committed by someone because they "look" like a criminal. Name the bias.
What is Representativeness Bias?
In a "normal" distribution of IQ scores, the average is 100. What percentage of people have a below average IQ?
What is 50%?