Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
This type of reasoning moves from a general rule to a specific conclusion.
What is deductive reasoning?
Finding the single correct answer to a multiple-choice question uses this type of thinking.
What is convergent thinking?
Trying different solutions randomly until one works is this problem-solving method.
What is trial and error?
This psychologist proposed the theory of multiple intelligences.
Who is Howard Gardner?
An IQ score above 130 is commonly classified using this term.
What is gifted?
This type of reasoning uses specific observations to form a broader conclusion
What is inductive reasoning?
Generating several possible substitutes for forgotten grilling tongs uses this type of thinking.
What is divergent thinking?
This step-by-step procedure guarantees the correct solution when followed correctly.
What is an algorithm?
Gardner's theory proposes this many different types of intelligence in the version studied in class.
What are nine?
Similar intelligence scores among identical twins provide evidence for this influence on intelligence.
What is genetics?
If the premises are true and the reasoning is valid, the conclusion in this type of reasoning must also be true.
What is deductive reasoning?
Thinking about your own thinking and identifying why you made mistakes is called this.
What is metacognition?
Tracing a route from your destination back to your current location uses this strategy.
What is working backward?
People skills and impulse control are examples of this form of intelligence.
What is emotional intelligence?
A test has this quality when the same person receives similar scores on different occasions.
What is reliability?
All humans are mortal. Mr. Morse is human. Therefore, Mr. Morse is mortal.
Eliminating three incorrect choices before selecting the remaining answer is an example of this type of thinking
What is convergent thinking?
Planning a party by dividing the goal into invitations, food, and decorations uses this strategy.
What is means-end analysis?
This term refers to the ability to learn, think rationally, and deal effectively with other people.
What is intelligence?
A test has this quality when it actually measures what it claims to measure.
What is validity?
I pet a golden retriever at the park and he was friendly. I pet a pitbull at the park and he was friendly. Therefore all dogs at the park are friendly.
What is inductive reasoning?
A tired student reviews a poor test performance, identifies lack of sleep as the cause of careless errors, and plans to change study habits. This process demonstrates this type of thinking.
What is metacognition?
Archimedes used his observation of displaced bathwater to solve the crown-volume problem through this method of applying a similar relationship.
What is analogy?
This term focuses on what a person already knows and can currently do rather than the ability to learn.
What is achievement?
Providing enjoyable educational toys, involvement in activities, and a safe, organized home are examples of this broad influence on intellectual development.
What is the environment?