The Louisiana Purchase
This 1803 land deal between the U.S. and France doubled the size of the United States.
The Louisiana Purchase
These two men were chosen by President Jefferson to lead the expedition into the newly acquired western territory.
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark.
This term refers to the British practice of forcing American sailors into military service.
impressment
Before it became the independent nation of Haiti, this French colony was the wealthiest and most productive in the Caribbean.
Saint-Domingue (Haiti)
This political party, led by Jefferson, supported states' rights, farming interests, and a limited federal government.
Democratic-Republican Party
The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from this famous French military and political leader.
Napoleon Bonaparte
This Shoshone woman joined the expedition as a guide and translator, helping the group survive and negotiate with Native tribes.
Sacagawea
Jefferson passed this 1807 law, which stopped all American exports to foreign nations in an attempt to avoid war with Britain and France.
Embargo Act of 1807
This former enslaved man became the primary military and political leader of the Haitian Revolution.
Toussaint L'Ouverture
This term describes the power of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional, established during Jefferson's presidency.
Judicial Review
Thomas Jefferson was hesitant to buy the territory because the Constitution did not explicitly grant him the power to purchase land, which conflicted with this legal philosophy.
Strict Interpretation
This major river served as the primary route for the expedition as they traveled west toward the Pacific.
Missouri River
These North African states demanded "tribute" (protection money) from the U.S. to prevent pirate attacks on merchant ships.
Barbary States
This disease decimated the French army in Saint-Domingue, eventually forcing Napoleon to abandon his "Western Design" and sell Louisiana.
Yellow Fever
This landmark 1803 Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review.
Marbury V. Madison
This port city was the primary reason Jefferson wanted the territory, as it was vital for American farmers to ship their crops down the Mississippi River.
New Orleans
This geographic feature, a mountain ridge separating rivers that flow to different oceans, was one of the most difficult challenges for the explorers to cross.
Continental Divide / Rocky Mountains
Unlike the economic approach of the Embargo Act, Jefferson responded to the Barbary Pirates by sending this branch of the military to fight.
U.S. Navy
Toussaint L’Ouverture successfully defeated an invasion force of 60,000 men from this empire—a force larger than any they sent to fight George Washington.
British Empire
This Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ruled that while William Marbury deserved his commission, the Court lacked the power to force James Madison to deliver it
John Marshall
To justify the purchase, Jefferson eventually used the "Treaty Power" found in this specific Article of the Constitution.
Article I Section 8
Although they failed to find a direct "Northwest Passage" (water route to the Pacific), the expedition successfully documented over 100 of these.
New plants and animal species (Maps and Journals)
Jefferson placed a trade embargo on this Caribbean nation in 1806 primarily to prevent the "contagion" of revolutionary ideas from reaching enslaved Americans.
Haiti
Enslaved people on Saint-Domingue plantations used this specific method to coordinate their colony-wide revolt with surgical precision.
Drum communication
These were the Federalist judges appointed by John Adams at the very end of his presidency, leading to a major legal battle for the Jefferson administration.
Midnight Judges