IMAGING
MUSCLES
EVALUATION/TREATMENT
BRACHIAL PLEXUS
100
Explain why MRI may be used to diagnose thoracic outlet syndrome.
To determine if there are any musculoskeletal abnormalities causing compression of neurovasculature.
100
Major abductors of the upper arm?
Deltoid and supraspinatus
100
What is a scalene injection and why is it used?
A combination of a long-acting anesthetic and corticosteroid. Used to decrease pain, numbness, and discomfort.
100
What are the terminal branches of the brachial plexus?
Musculocutaneous, Axillary, Radial, Median, and Ulnar.
200
Why might an ultrasound be used if TOS is suspected?
Typically for initial evaluation of suspected vascular TOS, it's used to assess blood flow, detect a thrombus, or any other cause of vascular TOS.
200
What are muscles of the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.
200
What is one surgical procedure to treat TOS?
Thoracic outlet decompression, cervical rib resection, thoracic sympathectomy, and vascular repair.
200
The ulnar nerve is composed of what nerve roots?
C8 and T1
300
What abnormality could an x-ray of someone with suspected TOS reveal?
A cervical rib (C7).
300
What muscles form the lateral and medial border of the scalene triangle (medial compartment of the thoracic outlet)?
Anterior and middle scalene mm.
300
Describe and demonstrate the most sensitive DOCS test. Choose from Adson, Roos, or Hawkins/Kennedy.
Ask the patient to place both arms in 90° abduction and external rotation with the shoulders braced posteriorly and then to open and close the hands quickly for 3 minutes.
300
The brachial plexus has anterior and posterior divisions. Which divisions supply flexors and which divisions supply extensors?
Anterior = flexors Posterior = extensors
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