General Questions
If your patient presents with a hunched posture what extrinsic thoracic wall mm. can we assume will be tight?
Pectoralis Minor
What do the serratus posterior superior, levatores costarum, serratus posterior inferior have in common?
They are muscles of the back but assist in breathing
SP Superior and LC assist in elevation of ribs
SP Inferior depresses the ribs
When watching a person breathe on radiographic imaging you see half the diaphragm pushed superiorly during inspiration. What is occurring?
Paralyzed hemidiaphragm
What is another name for the intrinsic back mm?
Paraspinal mm
Where does the pectoralis minor originate?
Coracoid process
When looking at the muscles of the thoracic wall on a cadaver we notice that muscle grain runs inferomedially. What muscle is this?
External intercostal m.
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic
A patient is doing exercise and starts having trouble breathing and leans forward to catch their breath. What is occurring?
Dyspnea and recruitment of anterior mm that attach to the ribs to help with elevation and depression
A person reaches overhead to reach a high shelf. What is occurring at the trapezius?
All 3 portion are contracting at the same time resulting in superior rotation of the scapula
What is the action of the serratus anterior muscle?
Protraction of the scapula
Elevation of the ribs
Rotates the scapula inferiorly
When looking at a cadaver posterior thoracic wall you see muscles that run laterally and skip ribs. What muscles are these?
subcostal mm.
What tendinous structures attach the vertebral column to the diaphragm?
Crura
If a person has injured their levator costarum what portion of breathing will be affected?
inspiration
The Levator scapulae and rhomboids are deep to which m?
Trapezius
What is the order from superficial to deep of the thoracic wall muscles?
External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Innermost intercostal
Subcostal
When looking at the intercostal space between ribs 4 and 5 what number will it have?
Intercostal space 4
At what vertebral level would the vagal nerves go through the diaphragm? What do they travel with?
T10 as they travel with the esophagus
What muscles assist with expiration?
Internal intercostal mm.
innermost intercostal mm.
abdominal mm.
What nerve would we assume is injured if the levator scapulae and rhomboids stop functioning correctly?
dorsal scapular C5 root level
Where are the origins for the pectoralis major m.?
Clavicle
Sternum
Costal Cartilage
Rectus Sheath
T/F the thoracic cage resists against positive neutral pressure?
False
A patient takes a deep breath. What is occurring in the thoracic cage?
There is increased vertical dimension
Decrease in the internal pressure
Diaphragm lowers
If a mm attaches to the spinal column and is innervated by a dorsal rami is it an extrinsic or intrinsic muscle?
intrinsic
Which rhomboid inserts more superiorly?
Rhomboid Minor
What is your favorite quote from Monty Python and the Holy Grail
Only correct if acted out enthusiastically