1
Which model is paired with its correct role in protein synthesis?
a. nucleus-forms peptide bonds
b. ribosome-carries DNA instructions
c. mRNA-joins amino acids
d. tRNA-transfers amino acids
d. tRNA-transfers amino acids
Which best describes how meiosis contributes to genetic variation?
a. increases the rate of reproduction with each generation
b. produces a new individual different from either parent
c. decreases the risk of lethal mutations being transmitted
d. forms new DNA that can resist environmental change
b. produces a new individual different from either parent
Antibodies are composed primarily of amino acids. In which class of biomolecules would antibodies belong?
a. nucleic acids
b. carbohydrates
c. proteins
d. lipids
c. proteins
Why must DNA replication have to occur before a cell can divide by mitosis?
A to maintain the same number of chromosomes in the daughter cells as in the parent cell
B to cause one of the cells produced to have double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
C to allow crossing over to occur in each of the cells produced
D to cause all of the cells produced to have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
A to maintain the same number of chromosomes in the daughter cells as in the parent cell
What carries the instructions for making amino acids in a protein?
A. the nitrogen base on the tRNA
B. the hydrogen bonding between nitrogen bases
C. the sequence of nitrogen bases on the mRNA
D. the nitrogen base bonding on the DNA molecule
C. the sequence of nitrogen bases on the mRNA
Which cellular process converts solar energy into chemical energy?
a. respiration
b. transpiration
c. photosynthesis
d. chemosynthesis
c. photosynthesis
Which is an organelle that performs cellular respiration and is paired with its correct function?
a. chloroplast- converts light energy into chemical energy
b. chloroplast converts chemical energy into light energy
c. mitochondrion- convert energy found in glucose into energy for use by the cell
d. mitochondrion- convert cellular energy into glucose chemical energy
c. mitochondrion- convert energy found in glucose into energy for use by the cell
During the process of protein synthesis, a section of the DNA molecule is copied into which other molecule? a. nucleic DNA
b. cytoplasmic DNA
c. messenger RNA
d. transfer RNA
c. messenger RNA
A section of DNA has these bases: TAG CAG TAC Which mRNA sequence is produced from this DNA section?
A. ATC GTC ATG B. AUC GUC AUG
C. AUG CUG AUC D. UTC GTC UTG
B. AUC GUC AUG
How are mitosis and meiosis similar?
A. both have two cell divisions
B. both require DNA replication
C. both produce gametes
D. both involve crossing over
B. both require DNA replication
Which best explains why bacterial cell is classified as a prokaryote?
a. the presence of a nucleus
b. the absence of a nucleus
c. the presence of a cell wall
d. the absence of a cell wall
b. the absence of a nucleus
Which best describes the interaction between DNA and RNA during protein synthesis?
a. RNA carries the code to the nucleus where DNA translates the code into a protein
b. DNA travels to the ribosome where RNA translates the code into a protein
c. RNA carries the code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis
d. DNA travels to the cytoplasm while RNA remains in the nucleus
c. RNA carries the code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis
Which is a primary function of a vacuole in a cell?
A enzyme production
B protein synthesis
C storage
D reproduction
C storage
Waxes create a waterproof layer on the outside of some living organisms. To which group of organic molecules do waxes belong?
A. carbohydrates B. lipids
C. nucleic acids D. proteins
B. lipids
Salivary amylase is an enzyme in humans that breaks down starches. What substance would humans have difficulty digesting without this enzyme?
A. lipids B. nucleic acids
C. proteins D. carbohydrates
D. carbohydrates
What is the primary function of DNA in organisms?
a. binds to specific active sites
b. stores genetic information
c. transports amino acids to the ribosomes
d. produces chromosomes for sexual reproduction
b. stores genetic information
Which process most contributes to genetic variation in population?
a. crossing over during meiosis
b. chromosome replication during mitosis
c. cytokinesis during cellular division
d. replication of chromosomes in asexual reproduction
a. crossing over during meiosis
This diagram shows a red blood cell in a beaker that contains a solution with a higher salt concentration than that inside the red blood cell. (link below answers)
What will happen to the red blood cell in this environment?
A The size of the red blood cell will remain constant. B The red blood cell will swell at first and then shrink.
C The red blood cell will swell from absorbing salt molecules.
D The red blood cell will shrink from losing water molecules
https://files.nc.gov/dpi/documents/files/biology_3375_released_final-2019.pdf
D The red blood cell will shrink from losing water molecules
A student noticed that the freshwater plant, Elodea, produced bubbles when placed in direct light. What could the student most likely conclude?
A. Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of photosynthesis.
B. Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of photosynthesis.
C. Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of cellular respiration.
D. Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of cellular respiration.
B. Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of photosynthesis.
What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain? A. membrane-bound organelles
B. linear chromosomes
C. cytoplasm
D. a nucleus
C. cytoplasm
Which molecule store and transmit genetic information?
a. lipids
b. proteins
c. nucleic acids
d. carbohydrates
c. nucleic acids
The chemical equation below shows the reaction of glucose and oxygen. C6H1206 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP Which process does this equation represent?
a. photosynthesis
b. aerobic respiration
c. anaerobic respiration
d.nitrogen fixation
b. aerobic respiration
During which phase of the cell cycle does most cell growth occur?
A cytokinesis
B interphase
C prophase
D mitosis
B interphase
Plant cells are able to produce their own food. This process happens in which structure?
A. cell wall B. chloroplast
C. mitochondrion D. vacuole
B. chloroplast
During translation, what does the tRNA deliver to the ribosomes?
A. amino acids
B. DNA
C. mRNA
D. proteins
A. amino acids