Origins of War
Who was Archidamus?
The Spartan King
Who dies from the plague? Who gets it but lives?
Pericles dies. Thucydides lives.
Who was the general of the Battle of Amphipolis?
Thucydides
At first, are the Melians Spartan, Athenian or neutral?
Neutral
Explain the situation with Egesta.
Egesta (Sicily) was being attacked by Syracuse (descendants of Sparta). Egesta asked Athens for help.
What was Archidamus' argument and what was ONE reason he gave?
He said Sparta should NOT fight Athens because if Sparta cannot take control of the sea, they will lose. And Sparta will struggle gaining naval power.
Another reason: He says Sparta does not have the resources for a war right now.
Go into details about the symptoms of the plague.
Dry heaves with violent spasms. Bodies had red skin, pimples and ulcers, inwardly felt like intense burning. Sleeplessness, uncontrollable diarrhea. Some lost extremities like private parts, fingers, toes, ears. So fun.
Name 2 characters that were overly ambitious and "grasping for more" than they could handle.
Cleon and Alcibiades.
What do the Melians put their hope in winning in?
Sparta and the gods will protect them. Athens won't stand a chance.
What did Egesta lie about?
They lied about how much money they could sponsor Athens ships with. They said 60 talents but only had 30 to give.
What do the Corinthians accuse the Spartans of? Explain why they say this.
They say Sparta is being a homebody and not going out, being bold, taking risks. Athenians love innovation and are quick to carry out their plans. Sparta is LAZY.
What was the Funeral Oration about?
Why did the Plateans refuse to take Sparta's generous offer and submit to be their ally?
The Plateans were already allied with Athens. Also the Athenians had many of their women in children as leverage.
QUOTE verbatim Athens' reason for why they believe they should take over Melos?
"The strong do what they can, the weak suffer what they must."
What was Alcibiades accused of? What happened when he was supposed to go to trial?
He was accused of being part of the herms conspiracy. He didn't go back but betrayed Athens and helped Sparta win.
What is Athens' response when they're accused of being too large an empire.
They say it's not their fault. The allies came to them of their own choice, begging to be brought into the Athenian empire when Sparta was unwilling during the Persian wars. (Sparta withdrew from the war and let Athens continue).
In Pericles' Funeral Oration, he said that Sparta relies on secret preparation and deceit in action, while Athens relies on:_________.
Natural courage (rather than rigorous training).
Describe the siege of Platea in detail.
NO! They say it is a comfort in danger.
Who was Gylippus?
What does Pericles argue and what does he say they should do?
He argues against upsetting Sparta and getting into a war. One thing he says is that Athens should give the Megarians back their use of the market and ports. (Release the embargo act and therefore not break the Peace Treaty).
What was Thucydides' judgement of Pericles' leadership?
How many days and nights did Sparta work on building the ramp?
70 days and 70 nights continuously.
What happens to the Melians in the end?
They do not submit. They launch a night attack and capture part of the Athenian wall and kill men there. But then the Athenians got the upper hand by keeping a better watch. They were besieged. All their men were killed and made slaves of women and children.
Go in detail about the Battle at the Great Harbor.
Athenian ships were cramped and blocked by Spartan ships. When they tried to escape on land Sparta tricked them so they went during the day. Sparta captured them and killed many of them.