PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
MEDICATIONS
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
COMPLICTIONS & CRISIS
100

What gland is responsible for the production of thyroid hormones?

The thyroid gland.

100

What symptom is common in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism?

Fatigue


100

What is the most common medication used to treat hypothyroidism?

Levothyroxine

100

What should nurses monitor in a patient with hypothyroidism who is on levothyroxine therapy?

Monitor TSH levels and signs of over- or under-medication.

100

What is the life-threatening complication associated with untreated or poorly managed hyperthyroidism?

Thyroid storm.

200

What is the role of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in thyroid function?

TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).

200

Which thyroid condition is associated with weight gain and cold intolerance?


Hypothyroidism

200

What class of medications is often used to control heart rate in hyperthyroidism?

Beta-blockers

200

How should a nurse educate a patient with hyperthyroidism about radioactive iodine treatment?

Educate on radiation safety precautions (e.g., avoiding close contact with others, especially pregnant women and children), and the potential for hypothyroidism post-treatment.

200

Name two early signs of myxedema coma.

Hypothermia and bradycardia.

300

What autoimmune disorder leads to hypothyroidism?
 

Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

300

Which thyroid condition often presents with a goiter (enlarged thyroid gland)?

Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can present with goiter.

300

How does Methimazole help treat hyperthyroidism?

Methimazole inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

300

What nursing intervention is critical in managing a patient with severe hypothyroidism (myxedema coma)?

Ensure airway patency, administer IV thyroid hormone replacement, and monitor vital signs.

300

What is the most important immediate intervention for a patient in thyroid storm?

Administer antithyroid medications, beta-blockers, and cooling measures.


400

In hyperthyroidism, what happens to the body’s metabolic rate?

The metabolic rate increases.

400

Name two cardiovascular symptoms of hyperthyroidism.


Tachycardia and palpitations.

400

Which medication is used to destroy overactive thyroid tissue in hyperthyroidism?

Radioactive iodine (I-131).

400

In patients with hyperthyroidism, what intervention helps manage heat intolerance?

Provide a cool environment and encourage fluid intake.

400

What is a significant complication of thyroid surgery (thyroidectomy) that nurses must monitor for post-operatively?

Hypocalcemia due to possible damage to the parathyroid glands.

 

500

What is Grave’s disease, and how does it cause hyperthyroidism?

Grave’s disease is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system produces antibodies (TSI – thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins) that mimic TSH, causing the thyroid gland to produce excessive thyroid hormones, leading to hyperthyroidism.

500

What skin changes might you observe in a patient with hypothyroidism versus hyperthyroidism?


In hypothyroidism, the skin is dry and coarse; in hyperthyroidism, the skin is warm and moist.

500

What are the key nursing considerations when administering levothyroxine?

Administer on an empty stomach, monitor for signs of hyperthyroidism (overdose), and educate the patient on lifelong therapy.

500

When administering antithyroid medications, such as propylthiouracil (PTU), what adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?

Monitor for signs of liver toxicity (jaundice, dark urine) and agranulocytosis (fever, sore throat, infections).

500

n the event of thyroid storm, what are the hallmark clinical features that differentiate it from other conditions?

High fever (hyperpyrexia), extreme tachycardia, hypertension, and altered mental status (delirium, coma).

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