Earth's Layers
What are the four main layers of the Earth?
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What was the theory that all of Earth's crust was once ONE piece of land called?
Pangea
Mountains
What is an example of an active volcano? (Showing signs of eruption)
Mt. Kilauea
What forms in places where snow melts slower than it falls?
Glaciers
Which layer is the hottest layer of the Earth?
Inner core
Who was the scientist that came up with the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
What are the two types of tectonic plates?
Continental and Oceanic
Name the three types of volcanoes
1. Shield Volcano
2. Cinder Cone
3. Composite Volcano
What are two ways glaciers erode rock?
1. Abrasion
2. Plucking
The crust is split into two parts called?
Continental Crust and Oceanic Crust
Why wasn't Wegener's theory accepted until 50 years after?
He couldn't explain how the continents drifted apart
What are the smaller pieces of the lithosphere called?
Tectonic plates
Which type of volcano has no lava?
Cinder Cone
What is one of the 4 distinctive features caused by glacial erosion?
1. Cliques
2. Horns
3. U-shaped valleys
4. Glacial lakes
The mantle is split into two parts called?
Upper and lower mantle
What was one of Wegener's three main ideas in his theory of continental drift?
1. Earth used to be one massive landform (Pangea)
2. It happened 225 million years ago
3. The continents drifted apart from each other
What is the name of the plate boundary that pushes against and slides under one another?
Convergent boundaries
What is the location of an earthquake directly above the focus called?
Epicenter
What are two ways that wind erodes land?
1. Deflation
2. Abrasion
Which layer is the thickest layer of the Earth?
Mantle
What was one of Wegener's main pieces of evidence that supported his theory of continental drift?
1. Fossils were widely separated among continents (Fossil Evidence)
2. Tropical plants were found in the cold Arctic. (Climate Evidence)
3. Landmass of Brazil lined up with the landmass of Western Africa (Geological Evidence)
What features might you see at a transform boundary?
Trenches, ridges, canyons, or valleys
What is the location of an earthquake right below where rock begins to move called?
Focus
What are deposits formed from windblown dust called?
Loess deposits