Mole to mole problems
2Mg +O2 --> 2MgO How many moles of magnesium oxide are produced from 1.2 moles of magnesium?
What is 1.2 mol MgO?
The reactant that determines the amounts of the other reactants that can combine--and the amount of product that can form--in a chemical reaction.
What is the limiting reactant?
Avogadro's number.
What is 6.022 x 10^23?
movement of a fluid from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration.
This is equal to a force of one newton per square meter
What is Pascal
6CO2 +6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 How many moles of carbon dioxide are needed to react with 3.25 mol of water in the reaction described above?
What is 3.25 mol CO2?
States that mass is neither created nor destroyed during ordinary chemical or physical reactions. (This is why we balance chemical equations!)
What is the law of conservation of mass?
an experimental gas law relating the volume of a gas to the amount of substance of gas present.
What is Avogadro's law
gas in which molecules have negligible size and kinetic energy dependent only on temperature.
what is kinetic energy
This is equal to 760 mm Hg or 760 torr or 101.3 kilopascals
What is atmosphere
CO2 + 2LiOH --> Li2CO3 + H2O How many moles of lithium hydroxide are required to react with 20 mol of CO2?
What is 40 mol LiOH?
The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100.
What is percent yield?
states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
What is Dalton's law
Reactants leftover when a reaction stops
Excess reactants
a law that states that the rate of effusion for a has is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass
what is graham's law of effusion
Ammonia, NH3, is widely used as a fertilizer and in many household cleaners. How many moles of ammonia are produced when 6 mol of hydrogen gas react with an excess of nitrogen gas?
What is 4 mol NH3?
The measured amount of product obtained after performing a chemical reaction.
What is actual yield?
the lowest possible state at which matter can exist, 0 K or -273.15°C.
what is absolute zero
A collision in which no kinetic energy is lost
Elastic collision
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the partucles in a sample of matter
Hydrogen and oxygen gases react under a specific set of conditions to produce water. How many moles of oxygen would be required to produce 5.0 moles of water?
What is 2.5 mol O2?
A conversion factor that relates the amounts in moles of any two substances involved in a chemical reaction.
What is mole ratio?
chemical equation in which the number and type of atoms and the electric charge is the same on both the reactant and product sides of the equation.
what is a balanced equation
This theroy describes the behavior of matter in terms of particles in motion
what is Kinetic-molecular theroy
These attractions between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules are called
What are Dipole-dipole forces