Gunpowder Empires
This massive architectural achievement, built by Shah Jahan in the Mughal Empire, was a tomb for his wife.
Taj Mahal
The exchange of goods, people, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds was called this.
The Columbian Exchange
This European country led early maritime exploration, sending explorers like Vasco da Gama.
Portugal
This navigational improvement, developed by the Chinese and used by European explorers, allowed ships to determine direction at sea.
Magnetic Compass
This type of coerced labor involved workers agreeing to work for a period of time in exchange for passage to the New World.
Indentured Servitude
Akbar the Great promoted religious tolerance in this empire.
Mughal Empire
This economic system emphasized a favorable balance of trade and colonial wealth.
Mercantilism
This navigational tool, borrowed from the Islamic world, allowed sailors to determine latitude.
Astrolabe
The increased circulation of books and literacy in Europe was largely due to this invention.
The Printing Press
The mita system, originally used by the Inca, was adapted by what European empire for silver mining.
The Spanish
This system required Christian boys to serve in the military and government.
Devshirme System
The high demand for this cash crop in Europe led to the expansion of plantation economies in the Caribbean and Brazil, relying heavily on enslaved labor.
Sugar
The forced movement of Africans to the Americas to work on plantations is called this.
Atlantic Slave Trade
This military innovation helped the Ottomans and Safavids and the Mughal expand their empires.
Gunpowder
The Spanish colonial system that forced indigenous people to work for landowners.
Encomienda System
This empire controlled much of the Middle East and used the devshirme system to recruit soldiers.
Ottoman Empire
The global demand for what precious metal, mainly mined in the Americas, fueled global trade networks.
Silver
This agreement divided the New World between Spain and Portugal.
The Treaty of Tordesillas
This type of ship, developed by the Portuguese, was highly maneuverable and used for exploration.
The Caravel
Sugar plantations in the Caribbean relied heavily on this forced labor system.
Chattel Slavery
This gunpowder empire was known for its Shi’a Islam and conflicts with the Ottomans
Safavid Empire
This joint-stock company controlled trade in the Indian Ocean and was dominant in the spice trade.
Dutch East India Company
This Asian empire enacted the sakoku (closed country policy) to limit foreign influence.
Tokugawa Shogunate
Their widespread use of paper money and banking systems helped expand trade in this empire.
The Qing / Manchu
This social hierarchy in Spanish America was based on racial classification.
The Casta System