Ouch, That Burns
Caused by exposure to an irritant.
What is a chemical burn?
Heals quickly, but can be painful; skin is dry without blisters, pink/red in color.
What is a superficial burn?
Priority assessment for a burn patient in the emergent phase.
What are the ABCDE's? (Prevent shock!)
Hemodynamic instability
What is the most immediate threat to the survival of burn victims?
Used to stop the burn process on skin.
What is cool (not ice cold) water?
Caused by high voltage.
What is an electrical burn?
Affects tissue deep into fat, muscle, and/or bone; skin may be bright red/leathery or charred/waxy white/tan/brown.
What is a full-thickness to deep full-thickness burn?
High suspicion of this injury with a house fire; associated with CO poisoning (cough, wheezing, drooling, dyspnea).
What is an inhalation injury?
Systemic infection from a burn injury that can lead to death.
What is sepsis?
The amount of fluids (such as LR) given following a burn are based on these two things.
What are the Parkland Formula and UOP (urine output)?
Caused by splashes or spills of hot liquid.
What is a thermal (scald) burn?
Very painful; skin can be moist/wet/weeping and bright pink to cherry red.
What is a partial-thickness burn?
Commonly used to initially estimate the extent of a partial- or full-thickness burn.
What is the rule of 9's?
Other methods include Lund & Browder or Palmar methods.
A result of catecholamines and cortisol secreted during/after a burn injury.
What is the hypermetabolic response?
Important nursing intervention best performed prior to wound cares or other uncomfortable procedures.
What is appropriate pain mangement?
Caused by the sun or other UV exposure.
What is a radiation burn?
All skin layers are destroyed; minimal pain.
What is a full-thickness burn?
In general, an adequate amount of urine output expected from an adult patient.
What is 30-50 mL/hr?
Can be caused by severe hypovolemia and a build-up of dead cells to be processed after a burn injury.
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)?
For deep, throbbing pain, and compromised circulation, in a patient with a burn injury.
What is an escharotomy?
Later on may need skin grafting.
Caused by lightning.
What is an electrical burn?
Blisters are generally present; damage to top layers of the skin that takes up to three weeks to heal.
What is a partial-thickness burn?
What is a skin graft?
Auto = from self
Allo = from human donor
Xeno = from animal donor
Complication that can occur during fluid resuscitation and as a result of edema caused by a burn injury. (Bonus: Higher risk with certain health history!)
What is fluid overload?
Higher risk for those with heart failure or kidney issues.
An area prepped near the patient to reduce the risk of infection during wound care for a burn injury.
What is a sterile field?